desert plants of iran

Desert Plants of Iran (Names, Photo)

Iran is full of areas with a dry and desert climate. Contrary to what most people think, no plants grow in the desert, but in these areas, we see Iran’s desert vegetation. Many desert plants of Iran not only prevent soil erosion and displacement, but many of them also have medicinal properties.

For every nature tour guide and every adventurer who enters the Iranian wilderness, it is better to take a closer look at his surroundings and make his or her trip more interesting by having this information.

In this article, we will introduce you to the different types of Iran desert plants. Many of these plants are special and unique even in the whole world, some of them are only endemic to the deserts of Iran.

What Kind of Plants Are in the Desert?

Desert ecosystems host a set of plants that are adapted and resistant to survive in harsh and dry conditions. These plants have unique characteristics to conserve water and grow in sandy and dry environments.

Succulents such as cacti are iconic symbols of desert flora with their fleshy, thick stems and spines. These plants store water in their tissues, allowing them to withstand long periods of drought.

Another common desert plant is the creosote bush, known for its gummy leaves and distinctive scent after rain. Desert shrubs such as heather and mesquite are also common, their deep root systems help them access scarce water sources below the surface.

These resilient plants play an important role in desert ecosystems, providing food and shelter for wildlife while contributing to the region’s unique biodiversity.

Desert Plants Names

Desert plants are usually named after their appearance, characteristics, habitat, or the botanists who discovered or studied them. Some desert plants are named for their physical characteristics, such as the barrel cactus, which resembles a barrel, or the Joshua tree, which is named for its unique branch structure that resembles outstretched arms.

desert plants
Desert Plants Photos

Others may be named after their habitat, such as desert sage or desert lavender, indicating their association with arid environments. Additionally, botanists may name plants after themselves or others who have made significant contributions to the study of desert flora, such as the Brittlebush (Encelia farinosa), named after its discoverer, Thomas Nuttall.

Naming desert plants is a combination of observation, scientific study, and historical context that helps classify and understand the diverse plant life found in desert ecosystems.

Desert Plants Adaptation

Desert plants have acquired significant adaptations to survive in their harsh and dry habitats. One of the most notable adaptations is water conservation. Many desert plants, such as cacti and succulents, have evolved to store water in their stems, leaves, or roots, reducing the need for frequent watering.

In addition, these plants often have reduced leaf surfaces or modified leaves such as spines or waxy coverings to minimize water loss through transpiration. Their ability to photosynthesize using specialized mechanisms, such as CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) or C4 pathways, enables them to grow despite limited water availability.

Also, desert plants have developed strategies to cope with extreme temperatures. Some have deep root systems to access groundwater, and others have shallow roots to quickly absorb rainwater. Many desert plants also have mechanisms to regulate their internal temperature, such as small, brightly colored leaves that reflect sunlight or the ability to shed leaves during periods of drought to reduce water loss.

It is better to take a look at the desert plants photos to better understand the distinctive features of these plants. Together, these adaptations enable desert plants to flourish in environments where water and temperature fluctuations pose significant challenges and contribute to the unique biodiversity of desert ecosystems.

Iran Desert Plants

The vegetation cover of the desert areas of Iran is proportional to factors such as rainfall distribution, temperature changes, humidity, surface and underground water sources, topographic and physiographic conditions, geological formations, soil texture and structure, etc.

desert plants names
Desert Plants of Iran Photos

Livestock fodder and other exploitations of pastures, providing wood and other forest products, stabilization of quicksand, prevention of water and soil wastage, habitat for wildlife, etc., all indicate the importance and place of vegetation in the natural and environmental resources of the desert areas of Iran.

Most of the natural plants in the desert regions of Iran are terrestrial, saline, sandy, chalky, limestone, etc., and in other words, the type of vegetation depends to a great extent on the type of substrate and especially the specific characteristics of the soils of such areas. In the following, we introduce some common plants in the deserts of Iran.    

Cyperus Conglomerates

Cyperus conglomerates, known locally as “Kalbit,” is a perennial plant species found throughout the sandy areas of the long Aran and Bidgol sand dunes (sand hills, sand alley beds, sand dune hollows, and even on the surfaces of sand dunes). Kalbit is one of the sand-friendly plants highly adaptable to sandy and nutrient-poor soils. This plant as a dominant cover, creates a uniform and homogeneous plant type in sand dunes.

Due to its wide, ecological flexibility, the geographical distribution of this plant in Iran is very extensive, ranging from the southern, and central to northern regions of the country. It has narrow, elongated leaves, and usually, a flowering stem emerges from among the leaves, reaching 30 to 60 centimeters in length. The seeds of the plant easily separate from the ornamental flower cover and are scattered by the wind after ripening.

Seidlitzia Rosmarinus

Seidlitzia rosmarinus is a salt-loving and drought-resistant shrub often found in saline and alkaline regions of deserts. It thrives in desert plains, salt marshes, and the deserts of Damghan, Sabzevar, Khorasan, Kerman, Yazd, and many other saline areas of Iran as a native and adaptable species.

Seidlitzia Rosmarinus
Seidlitzia Rosmarinus Plant

Belonging to the family Chenopodiaceae, it has succulent, fleshy, cylindrical-shaped leaves rich in salts. The average height of the plant reaches up to two meters, with a crown diameter of up to one and a half meters. Its flowering period starts in early September, and its seeds fully ripen by the month of Aban.

Seidlitzia rosmarinus has an exceptional ability to absorb alkaline salts such as sodium carbonate and potassium compounds, resulting in the production of “kaliab,” an alkaline substance obtained from burning the plant’s branches and leaves. This substance finds use in both industrial and traditional sectors, such as soap-making, pottery, washing silk threads, and glassblowing.

Stipagrostis Plumosa

Stipagrostis plumosa is a shrubby plant mostly found in deserts and sandy areas of southern Iran to the Karakum Desert. Its geographical distribution extends from southern Iran to the Karakum Desert.

This plant commonly thrives in all types of soil, including sandy, loamy, gypsum-rich, and even highly permeable limestone soils. Its resistance to dry climate conditions is because of the presence of a sand sheath surrounding the plant’s roots, protecting the shrub from high temperatures, especially during summer, and low water availability.

Nitraria Schoberi

Nitraria schoberi (Qare Dagh) is a drought-resistant shrub and has many branches from the stem. The stems are often in the form of lying and bent stems, which gives the plant a relatively bulky mound shape. The leaves are fleshy and juicy, the stems become sharp and woody at the end.

Nitraria Schoberi
Nitraria Schoberi, the nitre bush

The flowers of Nitraria schoberi are white and usually appear at the end of April. Its fruits are brown to black, containing one seed, and can be seen at the end of June. These shrubs are often found in Iran, Afghanistan, and Syria.

Ephedra Strobilacea

Perhaps you can recognize this flowering plant among the desert plants of Iran from its height of one and a half meters. This stem plant has very small and scaly leaves. Its flowers, which grow in May, are yellow and fragrant, and you will see it near a plant like the Nitraria schoberi.

This plant grows very well in chalky soils and has a very active root system. This plant grows in the provinces of Khorasan, Semnan, Qom, Alborz, Dasht Kavir, the desert basin of Iran and Sistan and Baluchestan.

Amygdalus Scoparia

A beautiful shrub whose stems are upright and erect and green in color. Its leaves are narrow and small, and in the spring season, with large white flowers in the semi-arid climate of the country, it creates beautiful scenery. This shrub is resistant to adverse environmental conditions (dehydration and extreme temperature fluctuations).

Amygdalus scoparia belongs to the Rosaceae family, the average height of the plant is between 2.5 to 3 meters, and the diameter of its crown reaches 2 to 2.5 meters. Its fruits are also ripe in June and can be collected.

Final Word

Desert plants, from desert cacti to resilient shrubs such as creosote bushes and sagebrush, show great adaptations for growing in harsh, arid environments. Their ability to conserve water, resist extreme temperatures, and colonize soil poor in nutrients shows the power and wonder of nature. Beyond their survival strategies, desert plants have a unique beauty, often characterized by striking shapes, attractive blooms, and textured foliage.

We recommend taking a look at the desert plants images to better understand the beauty of these unique botanical wonders. Their existence is not only critical to maintaining ecosystem balance but also to supporting diverse forms of wildlife in desert habitats.

The study of desert plants provides valuable insights into ecological resilience and adaptation. Desert plants, with their attractive adaptations and special beauty, are undoubtedly worth seeing and studying.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

hyperthermia

What Is Hyperthermia? (Types, Symptoms, Treatment)

In the realm of medical practitioners and healthcare, there exists a specific methodology to address excessive elevation of body temperature called Hyperthermia. It happens when the body gets too much heat and can’t handle it. Join us as we uncover the secrets of Hyperthermia and learn about the simple ways doctors treat it to keep people safe and well.

What Is Hyperthermia?

Let’s dive deeper into what is hyperthermia. Imagine your body as if it were an oven—it can sometimes get too hot, causing issues. That’s hyperthermia. It’s when your body heats up too much, either because it’s too hot outside or you’ve been working out really hard.

Now, you might wonder, what’s the difference between hyperthermia and a regular fever?

Well, a fever usually happens when you’re sick, but hyperthermia causes aren’t from sickness. It’s more about your body having trouble dealing with the heat. Hyperthermia temperature means your body is superheated. It’s like your body’s cooling system is not working properly, making it tough to cool down. If not taken care of, it can get pretty serious. That’s where hyperthermia treatment comes into play.

Doctors have some clever tricks to help cool you down. They might use simple things like cold packs or baths, or they might use more advanced techniques like special fluids or cooling gadgets.

hyperthermia treatment
Hyperthermia Sign and Symptoms

Hyperthermia treatment acts like a superhero, swooping in to save the day and making you feel better when things are too burning to handle. But this is just the beginning. Stay with us as we explore more about how doctors deal with hyperthermia, using all sorts of cool tricks to beat the heat.

Types of Hyperthermia

Hyperthermia comes in different types, each with its own challenges:

Heat Stroke

This is a serious type. It happens when your body gets too hot and can’t cool down. You might feel confused or even pass out. It needs quick Hyperthermia treatment to avoid big problems.

Heat Exhaustion

It’s like a less severe version of heat stroke. You feel dizzy and exhausted after being in hot weather for too long. Cooling down and resting is important to stop it from getting worse.

Heat Cramps

These are like a warning from your body. They happen when you lose too much salt and water from sweating. Your muscles cramp up, telling you to take a break and drink water.

Heat Syncope

Ever felt dizzy when standing up too fast? That’s heat syncope. It’s when you briefly feel dizziness because your body struggles with blood flow when moving from sitting to standing.

Heat Rash

It’s annoying but not dangerous. Heat rash happens when sweat gets stuck in your skin’s pores, causing itchy red bumps. It usually goes away when you cool down and dry off.

Knowing about these types helps you recognize and deal with them better, whether it’s just a rash or a serious case of heat stroke. Stay safe in hot weather by knowing the Hyperthermia symptoms.

Malignant Hyperthermia

Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) is another type of hyperthermia, but it’s a bit different. This peculiar Hyperthermia causes are not hot weather or exercise. Instead, it’s a rare condition that happens during surgery, especially when certain medications are used for anesthesia.

Malignant Hyperthermia
Malignant Hyperthermia Treatment

When someone has Malignant Hyperthermia, their body can suddenly get really hot, and their muscles become stiff. It’s very serious and needs quick treatment to avoid problems like damage to organs or even death.

Because it’s unique and happens in specific situations, we often talk about Malignant Hyperthermia separately from other types of hyperthermia. But it’s important for doctors and those at risk to know about and how to handle it during surgery.

What Are Hyperthermia Symptoms?

Hyperthermia symptoms are the body’s way of signaling that it’s overheating and struggling to regulate temperature. These symptoms can vary depending on the severity of the condition and may include a range of physical and cognitive changes.

Common hyperthermia symptoms include profuse sweating, flushed or red skin, headache, dizziness, nausea, rapid heartbeat, and muscle cramps. As the body’s temperature continues to rise, more serious symptoms may develop, such as confusion, disorientation, fainting, and even loss of consciousness.

It’s essential to recognize these signs early on and take appropriate action to prevent further complications. Ignoring hyperthermia symptoms can lead to heat-related illnesses like heat exhaustion or heat stroke, which can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.

Therefore, staying vigilant and responding promptly to symptoms of hyperthermia can help ensure the safety and well-being of individuals, especially during periods of extreme heat or prolonged physical exertion.

Who’s at Risk? What Are Hyperthermia Causes?

Hyperthermia temperatures can affect individuals across various demographics, but certain groups are particularly vulnerable. The elderly, babies, and kids are more at risk because their bodies cannot handle heat as well.

People with health issues like heart problems or diabetes also have a harder time controlling their body temperature, so they’re more likely to get hyperthermia. Workers outside, athletes, and inhabitants in hot places are at risk too, since they’re in the heat a lot. If it’s really humid or there’s no shade, the risk is even higher.

hyperthermia signs
Hyperthermia Causes and Effects

Some medicines or drugs can also mess with your body’s ability to handle heat, making hyperthermia more likely to happen. Knowing these risks and taking steps like drinking water and staying cool can help lower the chance of getting hyperthermia.

HyperthermiaTreatment

When getting Hyperthermia temperature, it’s important to cool it down fast to avoid getting really sick. Here are some ways we can do that:

Cold Packs

Putting something cold on your body, like an ice pack, can help bring your temperature down quickly.

Cool Baths

Taking a bath in cool water or standing under a cold shower can also help cool you down fast.

Using a fan or staying in a cool breeze can help your body cool off by making sweat evaporate faster.

Drinking Water

Drinking cool water or sports drinks helps replace the fluids you lose when you sweat and helps your body cool down.

Fever Medicines

You can take over-the-counter medicines like acetaminophen or ibuprofen to lower your fever and body temperature.

Muscle Relaxers

If your muscles are really tight, your doctor might give you medicine to help them relax and make you feel more comfortable.

IV Fluids

In serious cases of hyperthermia, especially heat stroke, you might need fluids through a vein to help hydrate your body and cool it down.

hyperthermia symptoms
Hypethermia Treatment

Using these cooling tricks along with the right medicines can be a part of Hyperthermia treatment. But it’s important to keep an eye on how you’re feeling and get help if you’re not getting better. And don’t forget, it’s best to prevent hyperthermia by staying cool and hydrated in the first place.

Conclusion

Hyperthermia is a serious condition that can affect anyone, but with awareness and prompt action, its impact can be minimized. By recognizing the Hyperthermia symptoms, implementing preventive measures, and employing appropriate treatment options, individuals can stay safe in hot weather and during intense physical activity.

Whether it’s using cooling techniques, taking medications, or seeking medical attention when needed, timely intervention is key to preventing complications and promoting recovery. Remember, staying hydrated, staying cool, and knowing when to seek help are essential in managing hyperthermia effectively and ensuring the well-being of ourselves and others.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

Nowruz Haft Sin Table

Nowruz Haft Sin Table (Meaning, History, Items)

Persian New Year, known as Nowruz, is a lively celebration that happens when spring arrives and nature begins afresh. One of the most loved parts of this celebration is the Haft Sin Table. It’s a special display that shows the feeling of Nowruz. This article talks about why the Haft Sin Table is important in Persian culture and how it welcomes the new year, inviting prosperity and renewal into homes and hearts.

What Is Haft Sin Meaning?

“Haft Sin” translates to “Seven S’s” in English. It refers to a traditional Persian custom where a table is set with seven symbolic items, each starting with the Persian letter “sin” (س).

These items typically represent blessings, renewal, and good fortune, and they are arranged on the table in preparation for Nowruz, the Persian New Year celebration. The Haft Sin table, called Sofreh Haft Sin, is a central part of the Nowruz festivities, symbolizing the hopes and aspirations for the coming year.

Haft Sin Table Items

The Haft Sin Table is a big part of celebrating Nowruz, the Persian New Year. It’s full of symbols that foster good things for the year ahead. Each item on the table starts with the Persian letter “sin” (س) and stands for different blessings and wishes.

Sabzeh

Sabzeh is an important part of the Haft Sin Table during Nowruz. It’s usually sprouted wheat, barley, or lentils. Sabzeh represents new beginnings and growth, like when plants start to grow in spring. It shows that even when things seem tough, there’s always a chance for a fresh start.

Having Sabzeh on the table also reminds us of how connected we are to nature and the earth. It’s a way to celebrate the beauty of life and the cycles of growth that happen every year.

People often start growing Sabzeh a few weeks before Nowruz. They take care of the seeds until they sprout and grow enough to be put on the Haft Sin Table. Seeing the green Sabzeh on the table makes the celebration feel more lively and joyful.

nowruz haft seen table
Sabzeh of the Haft Sin Table

Samanu

Samanu is a special sweet pudding made from wheat that has started to sprout. It’s a traditional treat often found on the Haft Sin Table during Nowruz celebrations. Samanu is more than just a delicious dessert. It’s a symbol of abundance and fertility.

In Persian culture, Samanu is believed to bring good luck and prosperity. It represents the hope for plenty of good things in the coming year, like having lots of money, food, and happiness.

Sib

Sib, which means apple, is all about being healthy and looking good. It’s like a wish for everyone to stay strong and healthy in the new year.

Senjed

Senjed, which is dried fruit from a special tree (oleaster), is about love and being close to family and friends.

Serkeh

Serkeh, or vinegar, reminds us to be patient and wise when life gets tough. It’s a symbol of being strong and staying hopeful even when things are hard.

Sir

Sir means garlic, which is thought to keep bad luck away and protect us from harm.

Somāq

Somāq, or sumac, is like the sunrise, showing that good things are coming and darkness will go away. It’s a sign of hope and looking forward to better times.

And Sekkeh (Coin)

Sekkeh, which means coins, stands for having lots of money and being wealthy in the new year.

All these symbols together make the Haft Sin Table a special and meaningful part of Nowruz celebrations. They bring hope and good wishes for the year ahead.

Apart from what each symbol means, the items on the Haft Sin Table bring families closer together. They work together to set up the Haft Sin Table, strengthening their relationships and the things they believe in.

Gathering around the table shows that they’re united and support each other, which is really important during this happy time of year.

Haft Sin History

The Haft Sin tradition has been around for a really long time, going back to ancient Persia when Zoroastrianism was the main religion. It’s hard to say where it started, but historians think it might have been part of the Nowruz celebrations, which are all about nature coming back to life and light beating the darkness.

Haft Sin Table Set
Haft Sin Table Set

In the beginning, the Haft Sin Table probably had items that meant important things in Zoroastrian beliefs. For example, plants that symbolize growth and fertility, candles, pastries, wine, and things representing purity and having lots of pleasing stuff.

As time went on, the tradition changed a bit, adding new symbols and fitting in accordance with the culture and religion at the moment.

Even though Persia has seen a lot of changes over the years, like different rulers and new religions, the Haft Sin tradition stayed strong. It’s a way for Iranians to hold onto their culture and pass it down to the next generations, no matter what is going on around them.

Nowadays, the Haft Sin tradition is still a big part of Iranian culture. Both in Iran and in other countries where Iranians live.

While some things stay the same, like having sprouted wheat and sweet pudding on the table, families often make their own versions, adding things that mean something special to them or that fit with modern life.

Nowruz Haft Sin Set

In Iran, people celebrate the Haft Sin tradition in different ways, depending on where they live. In the north, provinces like Gilan and Mazandaran, which have lots of rice fields and forests, the locals use local foods like rice, citrus fruits, and herbs on their Haft Sin Tables. This shows how much they value their land and farming traditions.

But in the central desert areas where water is scarce and it’s hard to grow crops, they might use things like nuts, dried fruits, and seeds instead. These items represent their ability to overcome challenges and find creative ways to survive in tough conditions.

In big cities like Tehran and Isfahan, where there’s a mix of cultures and ideas, Haft Sin Tables might have a more modern twist. Families might use trendy items alongside traditional ones, like fancy fruits and spices from other countries. This shows how diverse and innovative these cities are.

Haft Sin Table
Nowruz Haft Sin Table

Outside of Iran, Persian communities celebrate Nowruz in their own way. In countries like the United States, Canada, and Germany, they mix Persian traditions with local customs. For example, Iranian-Americans might include American symbols like flags alongside the traditional Haft Sin items, showing pride in their heritage and their new home.

Similarly, Iranian-Canadians might add maple syrup or local fruits to their Haft Sin Tables, connecting to their new country’s culture and landscape.

Conclusion

In wrapping up, looking at how people set Haft Sin in different places shows us the beauty of Persian culture and how it’s shared around the world. Whether it’s in the green fields of Gilan or the busy streets of Tehran, each region has its own way of celebrating with special symbols that reflect their land and traditions.

Even outside Iran, Persian communities add their own twist to Haft Sin, mixing it with local customs to make unique celebrations. From big cities to small towns, Iranians everywhere come together to celebrate their culture, connect with each other, and welcome the new year with hope.

By seeing how Haft Sin brings people together, we’re reminded of how cultural traditions can bring joy and unity to our lives. It’s a reminder of the strength of Persian culture and the values of starting anew, abundance, and being together.

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iran traditonal clothing

Iran Traditional Clothing for Women & Men

In all parts of the world, traditional clothing serves as a representative of the culture, history, and identity of each country. The Iranian traditional clothing differs in many ways, and this is due to the presence of different ethnic groups in the country. Ethnic groups such as Gilak, Azari, Kurdish, Lor, Baloch, Qashqai, Arab, Bakhtiari, Turkmen, etc.

In every part of Iran, the various cultures of these local people have created an exceptional variety of colorful clothing in the country. In other words, a symbol of the culture of each nation or tribe can be found in each cut, sewing, and special decoration of traditional Iranian dress. In this article, we will introduce you to the vibrant, traditional dresses of Iran as well as Iran’s traditional clothing names.

Traditional Clothing of Iran

Iran is the place of residence of various ethnic groups since it is home to numerous ancient civilizations. Every one of these ethnic groups follows certain customs and traditions and wears specific clothing based on their cultures.

The Turkish, Lor, Kurdish, Arab, Baloch, Turkmen, Fars, Qashqai, Bakhtiari, Shahsoon, etc. ethnic groups have their own unique and attractive traditional clothes and clothing that are usually worn in celebrations and occasions, which are familiar to the locals of those regions.

The diversity in Iran’s climate, along with customs and the tribal ethnic cultures, has spawned countless clothing fashions in many parts of the country. Traditional clothing with eccentric designs bearing brilliant colors.

Being inspired by their green and lush nature, the people of northern Iran wear colorful and vibrant clothes. The people of the southern part of the country tend to wear thinner and looser fabric to avoid the heat of the hot and humid weather of the south.

In addition, the clothing fashion of the residents of the desert regions boasts a harmony with the geography of their area, and for this reason, they often go for a white color rather than darker colors, so it is easier to bear the dry heat of the desert region.

Traditional Clothes and Clothing of Iranian Tribes

What is Iran’s traditional clothing? If you travel to different regions of Iran, you will notice the use of various styles and fabrics for the traditional clothing of each region, especially in the historic and rural areas, you will see the colorful and delicate work on the skirts, shirts, pants, and scarves.

Iran Traditional Clothes
Traditional Clothing of Iranian Tribes

Undoubtedly, it is impossible to specify which of these traditional dresses stands out the best among the others because every single one of them is a symbol of the ancient and rich culture of the Iranian ethnic groups.

We can learn and discover more about these groups of people and the way they dress throughout the day or during their ceremonies.

The concept behind Iran’s local clothing depends on the geography of the environment, the age of the locals, whether the person is married or not, the social positions of the family, the specific clan and tribe, and other similar cases.

Unlike the urban communities that observe a single style in their clothing, the people of different regions of Iran have different designs in dressing. A design that speaks of a certain story, and behind all its patterns, colors, and textures, a large part of Iranian tradition, culture, and identity can be found.

The traditional clothing for females and males of every region blends in well together as the designs for the two possess a certain harmony with one another.

Kurdish Traditional Dress

Kurdish clothing is one of the oldest and most diverse Iranian local clothing, which has a history as old as the Kurdish people of this land. The people of this area still use their traditional clothing on a daily basis and give themselves the gift of comfort and vitality at the same time.

These clothes, like the other local Iranian clothing, are made up of various components, and apart from some minor differences, the designs are very similar to each other. According to the region of Kurdistan, the clothing of the Kurdish women and men is named Urami clothing, Saqezi, Marivani, and other titles.

Women’s Kurdish Clothing

Kurdish women’s clothing can be seen as a combination of numerous colors that illustrate the glory of the mountains and the beauty of the plains of Kurdistan. The Kurdish female clothing is designed in two ways, which are casual or formal.

They are sewn with silk, velvet, and satin fabrics. The dresses are decorated with ornamentations such as tapestry, beading, sequins, silver embroidery, and stone embroidery. These designs on the fabrics are surely eye-catching to any outsider visiting Kurdistan Province.

women kurdish clothes
Traditional Kurdish Women’s Dress

The traditional clothing of Kurdish women often has 11 different components, and shoes, pants, underwear, shirts, vests, Qobas, bodices, ornamental handkerchiefs, turbans, scarves, or sometimes headscarves, make up its general nature.

Traditional Kurdish women’s headgear consists of two parts, one is a scarf or a headband, and the other is a hat-like cover called a Kelav with beaded and coin-embroidered decorations that are placed on the headband.

The traditional clothing of Kurdish women also consists of a long and loose shirt called Keras, Sukhmeh (a kind of bodice), wide Kurdish pants, and Kava (a kind of velvet jacket).

Men’s Kurdish Clothing

Kurdish men’s clothing consists of 9 pieces such as sweatpants, headbands, shirts, coats, vests, pants, socks, shoes, and waist scarves. This clothing is usually sewn loosely so that they don’t face any problems moving through the mountains and difficult paths.

Kurds believe that men’s heads should be covered, and for this reason, the types of hats and scarves in their clothing are considered a type of ancient culture.

Men’s Kurdish pants, which are known as “Deme Ghopan,” “Patol,” or “Raank,” are made of simple fabrics that are usually in brown, dark brown, and gray colors.

These pants are quite wide in the upper part and narrow when they reach the ankles in order to prevent the cold from penetrating inside the pants as well as feeling comfortable in mountainous areas when walking for long distances.

The waist of the pants has also been designed in a pleated and wide fashion for more comfort. “Chokheh” or “Kehva” means the upper part of the torso. This piece is a short fabric that has long sleeves and is worn along with the Kurdish pants.

kurdish dress male
Men Kurdish Clothes

“Waist Shawl” is a long and wide cotton cloth, usually in the color of black or white, that is tied around the waist and over the torso and pants like a belt. Giweh is the traditional shoe of Kurdish men, which is usually white in color.

Baloch Traditional Dress

Sistan and Baluchistan is one of the ancient regions of Iran, which has a cultural history dating back to the thousands of years ago. The dry and desert-like climate of this region is the first and most significant factor influencing the type of clothing worn by the people of this region.

Baloch people are one of the few Iranian ethnic groups who still adhere to their local dress and even appear in their traditional dress when traveling to other cities.

Baloch Women’s Clothing

The traditional and colorful dress of Baloch women is regarded as one of the major symbols of original Iranian clothing in Iran. The design of the Baloch dress is simple yet captivating when put together.

But parts such as the cuffs, the front of the dress, and the top of the pants have been embroidered and decorated with rural and native patterns. The variety of colors in the clothes of Baloch women is one of the attractive features of their clothing.

Old Baloch women use dark colors, and young girls use colorful and cheerful fabrics in their clothing. The pockets sewn on the dress of Baloch clothing symbolize the courage and bravery of these women. Pajamak, Teko (long scarf), and Serig (scarf) are part of the components of Baloch women’s clothing.

Baloch Men’s Clothing

Baloch men’s clothing is a white quilted garment that generally includes a long shirt and loose pants. This cover will be completed by wrapping a long white fabric around the head like a turban. Jaamak (shirt), pak (turban), Kolah supi (sweatshirt), pajamak (loose pants), serinband (belt for pants) and kush (leather shoes) are part of Baloch men’s clothing.

Gilak Traditional Dress

The local dress of the people of Gilan Province in the North of Iran is the most magnetizing and cherished traditional clothing of Iran. The Gilaki Clothing matches greatly with the locals’ living environment.

gilaki dress
Traditional Gilak Dress

This dress has been registered in Iran’s national heritage list and was chosen as the most vibrant and cheerful dress in the world at the New York Fashion Festival.

The local dress of Gilak women is divided into three types: Ghasem Abadi, Talashi, and Rosukhi, which are respectively, the clothes of the people of the east, west, and center of Gilan.

Gilaki Women’s Clothing

Gilaki women’s dresses glow like a rainbow of different striking colors. This dress consists of different parts such as a babushka, scarf, headband, shirt, vest, coat, skirt, and pants. The colorful skirts are decorated with multicolored stripes, a shirt made of satin in different colors, and an open front vest in black, decorated with coins and ribbons is the overall appearance of Gilaki women.

Gilaki Men’s Clothing

The components of Gilaki men’s local clothing are shirts, vests, pants, waist shawls, and felt hats. The Gilak men’s “hat” Talashi leather hat is made from lamb skin. “Chokheh” or “Chokha” is a short woolen coat woven from goat wool. This short coat is used on cold days, and for the night, it is replaced by a long coat called “shola.”

They usually wear a light-colored cotton shirt under the coat. “Shelar” is a simple black woolen pant with a tight bottom. These tight ends are designed for older men in the form of a tube, and for young men, the hem has buttons.

Azari Traditional Dress

The aesthetic traditional dress of the people of Azerbaijan Province has long been a symbol of their artistic, historical, ethnic, and religious traits.

The Azari dress is a distinctive piece of clothing in which the color takes the first place, and decorations such as gold lace border embroidery, beading, pleating, etc., are used. The fabrics used to make these clothes are usually made of silk, cashmere, or velvet for women, and men’s clothes are often made of woolen fabrics.

Azari Women’s Clothing

The color and type of fabrics used in sewing Azari clothes have a direct relationship with the age of people. Elderly women often use fabrics with simple and gentle designs and colors and little decorations.

azarbaijan clothes traditional
Azarbaijan Traditional Clothing

On the other hand, the clothes of Azari girls and young women have a pleasant variety of happy colors and beautiful patterns, and usually, more ornaments and decorations are used in them.

Barak (hat), Chaarqad (long scarf), Yaayliq (headband for older women), Kuvink (a long dress worn over the skirt), Jabken (a dress worn over the Kuvink), Arkalik (long-sleeved shirt) are the main components of Azari women’s clothing.

Azari Men’s Clothing

Azeri men’s clothing is often made of wool, and they wear headgear called “Burk” or “Papakh” in Turkish. In the past, the traditional clothing of Azari men was long-sleeved white shirts with round collars, which are called Kuvink.

Also, at the beginning of the 14th century, the traditional long coats that were widespread in the Qajar period were added to Azari men’s clothing. Due to the cold weather, the traditional dress of Azari men also has a kind of wool hat called Yun Burk.

Final Word

Each of the Persian clothing styles carries great value and originality as well as a manifestation of the traditions, history, and geography of the local residents in the various regions. Iran is the land of different peoples with different cultures, languages, ​​and interests. This has made Iran a place for adventure and learning about the lifestyles of diverse ethnic groups.

In the traditional clothing of Iranian people, there is a meaning hidden in every cut, stitch, and decoration of traditional clothes, and it can be considered a noticeable symbol.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

Persian Food

Best Persian Food of Iran + Photos

These days, enjoying local food while traveling has become an integral part of a complete tourist experience, and food lovers eat at least one or more meals at local eateries to fully understand the culinary culture of any major city they know. With its 31 provinces, Iran has dozens of unique and authentic local dishes. Join us to introduce you to some of the most famous and delicious traditional Persian Food, from Tabrizi meatballs to Dizi, Ashe Reshteh, Ghormeh Sabzi, and all kinds of kebabs, along with their recipes.

Persian Food History

The history of Persian Cuisine goes back thousands of years, and evidence shows that Iranians have been engaged in animal husbandry and agriculture since ancient times. This has caused the unique diversity and wideness of Iranian cuisine.

During the Achaemenid Empire, Iranian cuisine was influenced by different cultures. Iranians interacted with and were influenced by cultures such as Egypt, India, and China, and as a result, Iran produced more diverse and complex foods.

During the Sassanian period, Iranian cuisine reached its peak. Iranians became interested in using different spices and flavorings, which resulted in Iranian food with a unique taste.

During the Islamic period, Iranian cuisine was influenced by different Islamic cultures. Iranians interacted with and were influenced by cultures such as Arabic, Turkish, and Armenian, resulting in greater diversity in Iranian cuisine.

During the Safavid era, Iranian cuisine was introduced to the world. Iran became a great world power and attracted many travelers from different countries. This made Iranian food popular all over the world.

During the Qajar period, Iranian cuisine changed. Iranians became familiar with Western cultures and were influenced by them, resulting in new flavors and cooking methods being introduced to Iranian cuisine.

In the modern era, Iranian cuisine has maintained its position. Today, Iranian cuisine is known globally and is highly popular.

Variety of Iranian Cuisine

Iran, along with China and Rome, stands as one of the three pillars of global cuisine and has earned its reputation as one of the top destinations for culinary tourism and food exploration. From the north to the south and from the west to the east, Iranian cuisine is so diverse that compiling it requires an encyclopedia of several thousand pages.

persian food recipe
Persian Cuisine

During the Persian Empire, Iran had borders with countries like the former Soviet Union, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Arab countries, and Turkey. This, along with Iran’s position on the Silk Road trade route and its close ties with Europe, the Far East, and Africa, explains why the range of indigenous foods in this country is so wide.

Persian Food Names

The name of Persian food dishes shows the rich cultural legacy and varied influences that have shaped Iranian food over the centuries. Each Persian food dish has its own unique name that often refers to the ingredients or the way it is prepared.

For example, “Ghormeh Sabzi” translates to “fried vegetable,” highlighting the dish’s reliance on a combination of fried greens such as parsley, cilantro, and fenugreek. Similarly, “Fesenjan” is a stew made with pomegranate paste and ground walnuts, which combines sweet and spicy flavors in a pleasant harmony. This is why many find Persian food tasty.

In addition, the name of Iranian dishes is often a tribute to the traditions and authenticity of each region. Dishes such as Kashk-e Bademjan, creamy eggplant dip with whey, or Mirza Ghassemi, a smoked roasted eggplant dish, carry the names of their creators or place of origin, adding layers of history and identity to the culinary landscape.

The names of Iranian dishes, whether simple or complicated, invite guests to a sensual journey among the lively flavors and pleasures of Iranian cooking.

Persian Food Menu

The menu of Iranian cuisine usually includes a wide range of savory dishes and delicious desserts that belong to different parts of Iran. Tasty dishes often include aromatic stews such as Ghormeh Sabzi and Fesenjan, as well as tasty kebabs such as Koobideh and Joojeh.

Fragrant rice dishes such as Zereshk Polo and Baghali Polo add elegance to the meal, while appetizers such as Kashk-e Bademjan and Mirza Ghassemi provide a tasty start to any feast.

Iranian cuisine also has a variety of fresh salads, dips, and side dishes that are accompanied by warm flatbreads such as Barbari and Sangak, which are perfect for soaking up the delicious sauces and flavors.

When it comes to desserts, Iranian cuisine offers a delightful array of sweet treats to satisfy any taste. Traditional pastries such as Gaz and Sohan highlight the rich flavors of nuts, honey, and spices, while delicate pastries such as Baklava and Zoolbia Bamieh showcase the intricate art of Iranian baking.

Persian food menu
Persian Kebabs

In addition, Iranian desserts often have aromatic flavors such as rose water, saffron, and cardamom, creating a symphony of flavors. To complement these sweet treats, Iranian cuisine also offers refreshing drinks such as Doogh and Sharbat, which provide a cool and satisfying end to a delicious meal.

What Is Typical Persian Food?

Typical Persian cuisine is famous for its rich flavors, aromatic spices, and hearty ingredients. Rice is a staple food in Iranian cuisine, often served with a variety of stews, kebabs, and salads. Ghormeh Sabzi, a tasty vegetable stew with lamb or beef, and Fesenjan, a spicy stew with pomegranate and walnuts, are among the most popular Iranian dishes.

Kebabs such as Koobideh and Barg are also popular, which consist of meat skewered and grilled in spices. In addition, Persian food includes a variety of appetizers, dips, and side dishes such as Kashk-e Bademjan and Mast-o-Khiar (yogurt and cucumber), which add depth and complexity to the food.

Desserts in Iranian cuisine are often sweet and nutritious and contain ingredients such as nuts, honey, and rose water. Traditional pastries like Gaz and Sohan offer a taste of Iran’s pastry heritage, while delicate pastries like Baklava and Zoolbia Bamieh showcase the art of Iranian baking.

To accompany these sweet treats, Iranians enjoy refreshing drinks such as Doogh, a yogurt-based drink, and sharbat, a fruit syrup diluted with water. Typical Iranian dishes with diverse flavors and vibrant culinary traditions offer a delicious journey through Iran’s cultural heritage.

Do Persians Eat Halal?

Yes, Persians mostly eat halal food. Halal refers to food that is permissible for Muslims to eat according to Islamic law. In Iran, which is an Islamic Republic, the majority of people follow Islamic dietary laws, which include the consumption of halal meat.

Halal meat is prepared by observing specific guidelines, such as the method of slaughtering animals by Islamic rituals. Therefore, most of the meat and poultry products consumed by Iranians are halal and ensure compliance with religious requirements and dietary preferences.

In addition, many restaurants and food centers in Iran openly advertise their adherence to halal standards to meet the religious and cultural preferences of the people.

Why Is Persian Food Good?

Iranian food is very popular because of its exceptional taste, variety of flavors, and nutrients. One of the reasons why Iranian food is considered good is its emphasis on using fresh and high-quality ingredients.

tahchin
Tasty Persian Food

From aromatic herbs and spices to succulent meats and grains, Iranian cuisine is carefully prepared to ensure optimal flavor and texture. In addition, Iranian cuisine covers a diverse array of herbs, spices, and seasonings, creating complex, layered flavors that tempt the taste buds.

In addition, Iranian food is known for its health benefits. Many traditional Iranian foods contain nutrients such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins, making them a healthy and balanced choice. Using herbs and spices not only enhances flavor but also adds medicinal properties and helps with overall well-being.

In addition, Iranian cooking methods often include braising and slow-brewing, which helps preserve the natural flavor and nutrients of the ingredients. Overall, the combination of delicious flavors and healthy ingredients makes Iranian food a delicious and nutritious culinary experience.

Famous Persian Foods Around the World

Iranian food is considered one of the most delicious and charming foods in the world. It is no wonder these dishes are loved by most people, including foreigners and tourists. In every region of Iran, people cook their local and traditional foods based on their culture and customs.

But cooking Iranian food is not an easy task, and each one has its own way of preparation. In fact, some Persian food has attracted the attention of tourists so much that they try to recreate these dishes when they return to their country.

Iranian dishes are very delicious and tasty due to the cooking techniques and spices used and have gained many fans all over the world. Below, we introduce some of the most famous and well-known Iranian dishes around the world.

Fesenjan

Fesenjan stew is one of the most popular Iranian dishes in the world. Fesenjan is an authentic and lovely Iranian food that originates from the city of Gilan.

This food is one of the local dishes, and the people of this region pay special attention to its preparation and presentation. Therefore, in the cooking of Fesenjan, various combinations and unique ingredients are used, which distinguishes it from other Iranian dishes.

fesenjan
Fesenjan, An Authentic Iranian Food

This dish has its own cooking method and requires sufficient skill to prepare it. Fesenjan is a famous Iranian dish whose main ingredients are walnuts, pomegranate paste, and chicken or meat. This dish is served with a combination of sweet and sour taste along with rice, which gives it a special charm.

Eggplant and Meat Stew

Eggplant and meat stew is an authentic Iranian dish that is very similar to Ghormeh Qeyme. In this stew, eggplants are cooked together with other ingredients such as meat or chicken with spices.

To increase the taste and texture of this dish, cooks often use “lappeh”, although it should be noted that “lappeh” is not included in the original recipe of this stew.

Eggplant rice or eggplant and meat stew is a delicious and unique Iranian dish that is usually eaten in the southern regions of the country. Eggplant rice, this tasty Persian food, with its pleasant taste, has attracted the attention of cooking enthusiasts.

It is better to serve this colorful and tasty dish with grilled eggplant to get a wonderful taste. Eggplant and meat stew can be eaten with fragrant Iranian rice, or with bread and fresh vegetables, both of these dishes have a delicious taste.

Beryan (Beryoon)

Isfahan’s Beryan is considered one of the most delicious and well-known Iranian dishes, which has many fans. This traditional food is so tasty and delicious that it is recommended to try it during your trip to Isfahan.

Beryan’s appearance is similar to a hamburger, but the taste is completely different, and is prepared from a combination of lamb neck, lamb liver, onions, spices, and peppers. It is better to eat this dish with fresh vegetables, onions, and yogurt to fully taste it.

Tahchin

Tahchin is one of the beloved and ceremonial Iranian dishes that are cooked with different recipes in different regions of the country. Semnan province has the most variety of Tahchin.

This delicious dish is made with rice, various types of meat (chicken, lamb, or beef), yogurt, eggs, and plenty of saffron, and due to its beautiful appearance, it is considered a formal dish for important occasions such as weddings.

This dish consists of two layers of thick saffron Tahdig (made of meat or chicken) and white rice pilaf that is poured over it.

Baghali Polo

Another famous and delicious dish of Iranian rice dish is Baghali Polo. This dish has taken the third place in the list of well-known Iranian dishes all over the world.

You can prepare Baghali Polo with chicken, lamb shank, or lamb neck, but Baghali Polo with lamb shank is more popular. Baghali Polo has a special place among Iranian dishes.

baghali polo
Baghali Polo, A Popular Persian Dish

Baghali Polo, especially when made with lamb shank, is a special dish for weddings and celebrations. The incredible contrast between the green color of the fava beans and saffron rice shows its unique beauty and immediately catches the eye when served on the table.

Adding fava beans while cooking rice and garnishing with aromatic herbs after draining the rice creates a unique flavor that will make anyone fall in love with this dish.

Gheimeh Stew

Gheimeh stew is a delicious and lovely Iranian food that is cooked in different regions of the country with different recipes. Gheimeh Rizeh from Isfahan, Pichagh Gheimeh from Ardabil, Gheimeh Nokhod from Yazd, Gheimeh Nesar from Qazvin, Gheimeh Bademjan, Gheimeh Beh, Gheimeh Havij from Tabriz, Gheimeh Masouleh and Gheimeh Bushehri are varieties of this stew.

The classic type of Gheimeh stew, which is considered one of the authentic dishes of Tehran, is prepared with red meat (veal shank or lamb shoulder), sauteed onions (fried onions), split peas, and dried lime.

The Gheimeh is often served with plain rice or rice pilaf, along with potatoes and sometimes fried eggplant.

The exact history of Gheimeh stew is not known, but this dish was certainly cooked in Iran during the Safavid period. Gheimeh stew emerged about 80 to 90 years ago as a traditional food, especially as a food served on religious occasions, and it has become one of the main dishes, especially on the days of Tasua and Ashura in the month of Muharram.

Ghormeh Sabzi

Ghormeh Sabzi is another Iranian food that has a high rank among world-known foods. It is rare to find someone who does not enjoy Ghormeh Sabzi. Cooking Ghormeh Sabzi requires skill and experience. This delicious and tasty food has always been on Iranian tables.

Although it is less noticed in formal gatherings and parties, it is of special value and importance as one of the culinary masterpieces. The ingredients of this tempting green dish include lamb meat, beans, and aromatic herbs. This delicious stew, with its rich flavor, is usually served with rice in other countries.

Mirza Ghasemi

Another traditional Iranian food that comes from the northern region of the country is Mirza Ghasemi. This dish is prepared using grilled eggplant, tomato, and egg.

mirza ghasemi
Mirza Ghasemi, Northern Persian Meal

Moreover, it is cooked with a lot of garlic, which gives it a distinct flavor and aroma. This dish, originating from Gilan province, is usually served as a main dish and sometimes as a warm appetizer.

Kebabs

Kebabs are among the best and most delicious Iranian foods, which are known and popular all over the world. Different types of kebabs are cooked in Iran, such as Barg, Joojeh, Chenjeh, and Soltani, each of which offers a unique taste and pleasure. However, Koobideh kebab, or Chelo Kebab, is known as one of the most popular and famous types of kebab in the world. In addition to its delightful taste, Koobideh kebab is present in a formal and special way at ceremonial and festive tables.

This dish is served with bread, grilled tomatoes and peppers, saffron-infused rice, yogurt, and fresh vegetables, creating a truly delightful combination.

The use of fresh lamb meat, along with fat, spices, and onions, brings a special taste to this kebab. Koobideh kebab is ranked ninth in the list of famous Iranian dishes around the world.

Interestingly, this beloved Iranian food entered Iran during the time of Naser al-Din Shah and gradually became a staple of Iranian food with changes in its cooking method.

Dizi (Abgoosht)

One of the most authentic Iranian dishes, Dizi or Abgoosht, with its delicious taste you will never forget. This delicious Iranian food is very popular among foreign tourists and has a special place. Dizi is prepared from a combination of lamb, legumes, potatoes, and tomatoes and is best served with Sangak bread, fresh vegetables, onions, and local yogurt.

Serving Abgoosht follows a series of principles and rules that must be followed.

Pour the Dizi broth into a bowl and place the remaining ingredients, such as chickpeas, beans, potatoes, bones, onions, and tomatoes into the Dizi pot. Then, mash the ingredients completely with a meat masher until the meat is soft and the Dizi is ready. Then, dip the pieces of bread in the broth.

Now your food is ready! You can eat Abgoosht and mashed meat with various pickles, raw onions, fresh vegetables, and of course refreshing drinks like yogurt or soft drinks.

Ash Reshteh

Just as Ash Reshteh is a favorite dish among most Iranians, it is also recognized worldwide as one of the most beloved and delicious Iranian delicacies. This dish ranks among the most famous and tastiest Iranian foods.

Ash comes in various types, with the most famous being Ash Reshteh. It can be safely said that every Iranian has eaten Ash or Ash Reshteh at least once in their lifetime; however, this delicious dish, based on vegetables, comes in various forms and varieties that you may not have tried before.

ash reshteh
Ash Reshteh, Iranian Noodle Soup

Ash is a common and international food that is cooked all over the world in different ways and with different recipes. Since Ash has many varieties, different people enjoy its taste and freshness. Keep in mind that Ash, with its delicious taste and its main ingredients consisting of various vegetables, is considered a complete and satisfying meal.

Final Word

What was stated in this article is only a small part of the traditional dishes of Iranian cities. Almost every province of Iran offers its own unique and delicious dishes. Also, some traditional and authentic Iranian dishes are shared in all cities, including Abgoosht, Fesenjan, and Tahchin.

Sometimes the same foods are prepared with different ingredients and methods in different cities. Traditional foods are largely influenced by weather conditions and people’s preferences in different cities. Therefore, we have two recommendations for you: first, try to travel a lot, and second, make sure to try the food of different cities during your trip.

Every city and alley in Iran offers the aroma and taste of its food and amazes you. This was a complete list of the most delicious foods from different provinces of Iran, but the story does not end here. So be sure to travel to Iran and eat every single authentic Iranian food.

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safavid dynasty

Safavid Empire (History, Religion, Map, Founder)

Iran, with a fascinating history, has been home to many empires and dynasties in the past. These empires not only shaped Iran’s political and geographical map but also contributed to the culture and art of this nation. The Safavid Empire, being one of the most fascinating empires of Iran, was one of the amazing eras of this country, which is interesting to read about. In this article, we will explore the Safavid dynasty history and Safavid dynasty timeline to learn more about a part of the identity of the Iranian people.

Safavid Empire History

The Safavid dynasty was among the most important dynasties that ruled in Iran. By succession, the Safavid dynasty map was established from 1501 to 1736. Within these years, a long-lasting tradition, culture, and religion were formed as the identity of the Iranian people.

Some of the defining characteristics of the Safavid dynasty timeline are remembered due to the timeless cultural and religious following that was established and could not be rooted out. Of the things that the Safavid dynasty is particularly famous for is the imposition of Twelver Shia Islam as the religion of the State of Iran.

Ismail I, one of the Safavid dynasty leaders, declared the Shia religion as the national religion of the country. The Safavid dynasty founders had a lot of interest in the cultural identity of Iranians and patronized Persian art, literature, and poetry.

Safavid Empire Map

The Safavid dynasty map was expanded significantly during the reign of Shah Abbas the Great. Core regions in Iran and Azerbaijan were a part of the Safavid dynasty map, and later on, the map included parts of Today’s Iraq and the Caucasus. Military reforms were also implemented to defeat the Uzbeks and Ottomans, resulting a control over cities such as Baghdad and Tabriz.

Safavid Empire map
The Safavid Empire Map at its greatest extent, during the reign of Abbas the Great

There were also campaigns in the Caucasus, which had secured territories like Georgia and Armenia. Safavid dynasty maps were stretched from the Caucasus to the Persian Gulf and from present-day Iraq and Turkey to Afghanistan in the Safavid dynasty timeline. However, after Abbas’ tenure, internal disputes and external assaults caused the empire to crumble.

The Safavid Empire dissolved in 1722 when the Afghan Hotaki dynasty captured Isfahan. Nonetheless, the Safavids had a long-lasting impact on the Iranian map.

Safavid Empire Religion

The Safavid dynasty’s religion was Twelver Shia Islam, which was promoted by the founder of the empire as the official religion and identity of Iran. The Safavid dynasty founder belonged to a Sufi order called Safaviya and had strong beliefs in this religion.

Safavid Dynasty Religion
Famous Safavid Dynasty Art & Paintings

Ismail l made the Shia Islam religion the religion of the whole Safavid Empire. Later on, the Safavid leaders contributed a lot of efforts to convert the variety of Iran’s population to their official religion. Many policies, scholars, and religious schools were built during this empire to promote and support Shia Islam ideas, which resulted in a large population of Shia Muslims. The general promotion of this religion had many impacts on Iranian identity and society.

Safavid Empire Founder

Shah Ismail I, known as King of the Kings, was the Safavid dynasty founder. He was born in 1487 in a small city called Ardabil, situated in the northwest of Iran. The Safavid dynasty founder was the descendant of the Sufi saint Sheikh Safi al-Din, who was the leader of the Safaviyya Sufi order.

Ismail l began his religious education at a young age and gained significant followers with tribesmen who were loyal to him, resulting in to form of a powerful military force. Ismail l capitalized on the political and religious discontent prevalent in Persia at the time with a confederation called White Sheep Turkmens. In the year 1501, Ismail l declared himself as the king of Iran and built the Safavid dynasty. One of his aims was to unite the various Persian regions under his rule.

Safavid Empire Leaders

Shah Ismail l

The founder of the Safavid dynasty and Iran’s first Shah. He made Shia Islam the state religion and enlarged the Safavid Empire’s borders.

Shah Tahmasp I

He is the son of Shah Ismail I, who ascended to the throne as the second Shah of Iran, following in his father’s footsteps. He diligently carried forward his father’s vision of promoting Shia. Despite facing numerous obstacles, such as clashes with the Ottoman Empire and internal uprisings, Tahmasp I skillfully upheld the stability of the empire.

Shah Abbas the Great

The most influential ruler of Iran and the Safavid dynasty empire was Shah Abbas the Great. Strengthening the central government, promoting money flow in the country, and modernizing the military, Shah Abbas the Great resulted in various changes in Iran during that time. He also made Isfahan the capital of Iran. His reign is known as the golden age of Iran and the Safavid dynasty timeline.

Shah Abbas
Watch Our YouTube Video About Shah Abbas the Great, One of the Most Important Rulers of Safavid Dynasty.

Shah Safi

Succeeding in his father’s vision, Shah Safi continued the power and greatness of the Safavid Empire. However, he faced several challenges at the end of his career.

Shah Abbas II

He was the grandson of Shah Abbas l and faced several problems, including internal and external threats. Many regional losses happened during the rulership of Shah Abbas ll.

Shah Suleiman I

Facing numerous challenges after Shah Abbas ll, including conflicts with the Ottoman Empire, he was one of the leaders who defended their legacy while struggling in conflicts.

Shah Sultan Husayn

The last Safavid leader who was marked by political instability and territorial decline. The Afghan invasion in 1722 led to the collapse of the Safavid Empire during the reign of Shah Sultan Husayn.

Safavid Empire Timeline

In summary, the Safavid dynasty timeline begins with greatness and power and ends like other famous empires, by descending over time. In the Safavid dynasty timeline, Shah Ismail l forms the Safavid dynasty and declares himself as the King of Iran in the year 1501 and controls the country until 1524. After that, Shah Tahmasp l expands the country and promotes the Shia religion.

In 1588, Iran saw great achievements and cultural successes under the command of Shah Abbas the Great. In 1629, Shah Safi took over the kingdom. After that, Shah Abbas ll, in the years 1642 to 1666, faced several territorial losses.

Shah Suleiman l continues the empire from 1666 to 1694 and after that, Shah Sultan Husayn takes the wheel. In the year 1722, Afghans invaded and captured the Shah Sultan Husayn, and the Last Safavid ruler was the Shah Tahmasp ll.

Safavid Empire Location

The Safavid dynasty was primarily based in present-day Iran. Safavid dynasty locations and its capitals are the three most important cities of Iran. Tabriz was the earliest capital located in northwestern Iran. The city of Tabriz served as the center of power during Shah Ismail I’s reign.

In the follow-up, Qazvin, situated in the west of Tehran, became the capital of the Safavid dynasty to be closer to the empire’s heartland. Finally, Isfahan, situated in the central part of Iran, became the most renowned and influential capital of the dynasty. Shah Abbas the Great moved the capital from Qazvin to Isfahan in 1598.

Safavid Empire Architecture

The Safavids sure left behind some fancy buildings, especially when Shah Abbas the Great was ruling back in the 1500s and 1600s. Safavid dynasty architecture showcases the construction of great projects that mixed Persian, Islamic, and Central Asian styles. You can always recognize Safavid dynasty architecture by the complex geometric patterns, calligraphy, and colorful tilework.

Safavid Dynasty Architecture
Safavid Dynasty Art and Architecture

One perfect example is Naqsh-e Jahan Square in Isfahan, the capital of the Safavid Empire, which saw great influences by architects and artists from around the world. Surrounding the square are the Imam Mosque (also called the Shah Mosque), the Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque with its towering minarets and domes, and the Ali Qapu Palace are some of the lovely examples of Safavid dynasty architecture. They showcase the trademark Safavid look with all the lavish decorations and innovative designs they came up with.

What Is the Safavid Empire Known for?

The Safavid Dynasty is known for its significant achievements that shaped the cultural identity of the Iranian people. One of the crucial roles of the Safavid dynasty was the establishment of Shia Islam in the country as the official religion of the Iranian people. Moreover, Shah Abbas the Great shaped the cultural significance of the country by making Isfahan the capital city of Iran and building a lot of buildings, gardens, and mosques for the people.

Isfahan became a center of art, inviting poets, scientists, and famous architects from all around the world. The Safavids fostered the development of Persian literature, miniature painting, calligraphy, and the arts. Additionally, The Safavids asserted their influence over a large part of the region, threatening the Ottoman Empire and other powers in the region. They extended their borders through wars and diplomatic initiatives that made Iran a major regional power.

Who Defeated the Safavid Empire?

The Safavid dynasty was a powerful empire in Iran. Nevertheless, this empire also faced many challenges in the early 18th century because of the internal conflicts in the region and political disputes. Later on, the Afghan Hotaki dynasty gained power in eastern Iran and invaded Iran in 1722, when the empire was at its weakest state.

The Afghan forces defeated the Safavid army and deposed Shah Sultan Husayn of the Safavid Empire, who was the last Safavid ruler. In the year 1729, the Hotaki dynasty was eventually overthrown by Nader Shah Afshar, who was also an Iranian military commander known for his ability to fight and loyal followers.

Nader Shah led a successful rebellion against Afghan rulers and took over the control of Iran. Then, he established the short-lived Afsharid dynasty. This defeat was a watershed moment in Iranian history, as Nader Shah built a formidable empire and played an important role in influencing the region’s geopolitics in the 18th century.

Safavid Dynasty Empire

The Safavid dynasty empire had a remarkable impact on Iran. The solidifying of people with Shia Islam as the official religion was one of the unique things that this empire did, which continued to shape Iranian identity to this day.

The Safavids also fostered a period of cultural and artistic flourishing, especially in the fields of poetry, architecture, and carpet weaving in central Iran, creating a good space for the people and artists. Moreover, The architectural masterpieces of that era, such as the Imam Reza shrine in Mashhad, remain an important pilgrimage site for Shia Muslims and a legacy of the Safavid empire.

Safavid Dynasty Empire
Safavid Dynasty Clothes & Style

The Safavids also made policies that promoted trade and commerce in the region, which led to the economic growth of the nation. They established important trade routes and improved infrastructures. The Safavid Dynasty Empire became a major center for trade in that period, attracting millions of merchants and fostering cultural exchanges.

In addition, The Safavid leaders also centralized power in Iran and established a strong military. They also created a system of governance that revolved around the Shah as the supreme ruler, which continued to shape Iran’s political structure in subsequent centuries, even after the fall of the dynasty.

How Can Know about Safavid Dynasty Empire Today?

If you want to know about the Safavid Dynasty Empire in today’s world, you can travel to Isfahan and see museums, gardens, mosques, and other buildings that are the legacy of that period of Iran. Exploring this stuff will help you to have a better understanding of Iran’s identity, culture, and history, especially if you are a history lover.

Final Words

Iran’s history is rich and diverse, with several empires that ruled this country over time. The Safavid empire was a renowned dynasty for its greatness and cultural influences. Safavid leaders had a lot of impact on Iran’s cultural, artistic, and religious identity. Therefore, it is very important to study about Safavid dynasty timeline.

Knowing about the Safavid dynasty map shows the great power of their leaders and their political impacts on other countries. If you are a history buff or you’ve visited Iran recently, you can study about Safavid leaders in Isfahan.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

persian kebab

Everything About Persian Kebab (Types, Recipe, Ingredients)

Iranian foods are some of the best culinary cuisines of the Middle East. One of Iran’s most popular dishes is authentic Iranian kebab (also known as Persian kebab), which stands out for its delicious taste and authentic ingredients. Iranian kebab recipe has made its way onto plates and into the hearts internationally.

Persian Kebab has gained a lot of popularity with the help of the Iranian community in every part of the world. Persian Kebab is a must-try delicacy for its taste and authenticity. Let’s dive into the Persian kebab recipe.

What Is the Kebab of Iran?

Iranian Kebab, also known as Persian Kebab, is an irrefutable staple and emblem within both Iranian cuisine as well as Iranian culture. Iranian Kebab is known for its delicious taste and diverse variations, making it a symbol of Iranian culture among Iranian communities.

Over time, the Iranian Kebab has become a global phenomenon as a result of the proliferation of Iranian diasporas as well as the growing curiosity towards Middle Eastern gastronomy. Persian Kebab is loved by all demographics within the population from the youngsters to the elderly segment.

You can find kebabs in casual eateries, high-end restaurants, and street food stands just as much as wedding receptions, birthday parties, or friendly gatherings in Iran. Iranian kebabs are celebrated for their prime ingredients, assemblage criteria, and the fact that they come in all shapes and sizes.

What Is the Origin of Kebab in Iran?

Kebab’s origin in Iran is certainly in ancient times. This Persian style of cuisine has been part of the culinary fare of the Persian Empire for some 2000 years.

persian kebabs photos
Persian Kebabs Photos

Preparation of the Kebab is one of the simplest cooking methods of meat, which is originally marinated with organic spices on skewers over a fire.

Persian Kebab had been around since Cyrus the Great (550-330 BCE) started the Achaemenid Empire, which was the first in the Persian Empire. The Persian royal court and nobility were known to enjoy grilled meats, including kebabs, as part of their lavish feasts.

The practice of skewering and grilling meat was likely influenced by the nomadic lifestyle and the availability of open fires for cooking. The art of piercing and grilling meat is probably out of the simple taste of a tribesman and the fact that the fires that cooked the meat were open.

Authentic Persian Kebabs gradually become an important part of Iranian cuisine. The usage of other meats, such as lamb, beef, and chicken, and a variety of spices and marinades expanded and diversified Iran’s kebab history.

Persian Kebab Recipe

Persian Kebab Recipe comes in a variety of forms and methods. The main items for making a special kind of Persian Kebab Recipe known as Koobideh (which is the most famous one) include 1 pound of ground lamb or beef, 1 medium onion, 2 cloves of garlic, minced, 1 teaspoon ground turmeric, 1 teaspoon ground sumac, 1 teaspoon ground cumin, 1/2 teaspoon ground cinnamon, 1/2 teaspoon ground black pepper, 1 teaspoon salt (adjust to taste), 2 tablespoons chopped fresh parsley, Olive oil (for brushing), and metal skewers.

persian koobideh
Iranian Kebab Recipe

For making great Koobideh kebabs, mix the ground meat, grated onion, minced garlic, spices/herbs, and parsley and mint in a bowl. Refrigerate for at least 1 hour. This part is the most important part of the Persian Kebab Recipe (Koobideh).

Preheat grill. Soak wooden skewers in water. Mold the meat mixture around the skewers, brush with olive oil, and grill for 10-12 minutes, turning occasionally. Let them rest, and then serve with Saffron Rice, Grilled Tomatoes, and Flatbread. Add some yogurt, herbs, and pickles if desired.

Persian Kebab Ingredients

The ingredients in a Persian kebab vary quite a bit depending on the type of kebab being made. Lamb, beef, and chicken are the meats most often used in Persian kebabs. Lamb is quite popular and has a rich flavor. Ground meat is used, as well as cuts of meat suitable for grilling, such as leg of lamb or tenderloin.

For seasoning, infinite combinations of spices are used to flavor Persian kebabs. Most Persian Kebab recipes use different combinations of turmeric, saffron, sumac, cumin, black pepper, cinnamon, and salt. Persian Kebab Ingredients can also include vegetables since Persian kebabs are often served with grilled or roasted vegetables.

Tomatoes, onions, and bell peppers are commonly served with kebabs. They may be skewered alongside the meat or grilled separately. Moreover, rice is a staple of Persian cuisine and is very often served with kebabs, especially Koobideh. Saffron-infused rice, known as “Zereshk Polo” or “Saffron Rice,” is a popular choice to accompany kebabs.

Flatbreads such as Lavash or Taftoon are also quite popular to eat alongside Authentic Persian kebabs to cradle the meat and create a delightful sandwich-like experience.

Iranian Kebab Types

Iranian Kebab Types are varied, and each one of them is delicious in its unique way. Iranian Kebab Types include Koobideh Kebab, Barg Kebab, Jujeh Kebab, Chenjeh Kebab, Soltani Kebab, Shishlik Kebab, etc.

Koobideh Kebab

Yes, these are incredibly popular. Koobideh Kebab is made of ground meat, usually lamb or beef, that has been mixed with grated onions and sometimes a host of other savory spices. The well-seasoned meat is then shaped onto its namesake skewers and cooked to juicy, flavorful, perfection.

Iranian kebab
Delicious Iranian Kebab

Barg Kebab

This Kebab’s preparation originates from thinly sliced and marinated meat that is traditionally taken from the most tender part of a lamb or beef. That marinated meat is then placed onto skewers and grilled, creating a succulent, aromatic Kebab named Barg Kebab.

Jujeh Kebab

Jujeh Kebab is composed of skewered and grilled pieces of chicken marinated with a mixture of lemon juice, yogurt, saffron, and spices.

Chenjeh Kebab

Chenjeh Kebab is tender cubes of marinated lamb or beef, skewer-grilled just like the jujeh, seasoned with lemon juice, onion, and saffron. Other spices are also used in the preparation of Chenjeh Kebab.

Soltani Kebab

Soltani Kebab is a delicious combination of Barg Kebab and Koobideh Kebab. It is a platter of thinly sliced marinated meat and ground meat Kebabs, which is considered as finishing touch. When eating a Soltani Kebab, you will experience the different textures and flavors of two Kebabs in one dish.

Shishlik Kebab

Made from marinated lamb chops or in some cases veal, Shishlik Kebabs typically include ingredients like lemon juice, olive oil, garlic, and other flavorful spices. It is then skewered and grilled so that the meat gets tender and delicious.

Symbol of Persian Cuisine

Authentic Persian kebabs are culturally intertwined with Iranian people. They’re served at all special events, ceremonies, and social gatherings, and they exemplify the cooking skills and professionalism of Iranian chefs.

The preparation of kebabs involves the mastery of the use of aromatic spices and herbs, as well as a skillful marinade and a precise grilling skill. While Iranian cuisine and kebabs have evolved over several generations, making Persian kebabs has been mastered and continues to be enjoyed among Iranian families and internationally.

Authentic Iranian Kebab

Iran’s diverse geographical and cultural diversity has resulted in the cooking of several regional kebabs with different local flavors and characteristics. Interestingly, each region of Iran has its unique preparation of Kebab. Gilan, Khorasan, Tabriz, and Isfahan, each with their distinct kebabs, represent just four of the famous versions of kebabs from the different regions of Iran.

Moreover, the popularity of kebabs has made them economically important. Restaurants selling only kebabs, street kebab vendors, and Jigarakies are only some of the places where you can find an Authentic Iranian Kebab and a delicious one.

Why Is It So Good?

One of the key characteristics of Iranian cuisine is the use of fresh and high-quality ingredients that result in delicious tastes. Iranian kebabs also follow this rule. Persian Kebabs are made with top or premium cuts of meat such as lamb or beef, adding to their rich and succulent taste that brings joy to every food lover.

koobideh kebab
Persian Kebab Koobideh

Interestingly, the meat’s quality makes a significant difference in the kebab’s taste and its distinctive flavor. Using fresh herbs, spices, and other seasonings also adds to the uniqueness and great taste of a Kebab. Additionally, the grilling approach is another important part of Iranian kebabs’ mouth-watering appeal and taste.

Each kebab is traditionally prepared by being cooked over hot charcoals or a flaming open fire, which allows them to take on a slightly charred, smoky taste. Persian Kebab is deeply rooted in the country’s cultural heritage.

Iranians take great pride in their culinary traditions and have a genuine passion for creating and enjoying flavorful meals such as Authentic Persian Kebab.

Final Words

Iranian cuisine has a rich culinary legacy that goes back thousands of years. Persian cuisine, in particular, is known for its fragrant spices, intricate flavors, and diverse ingredients. Tasting the Persian kebabs is a chance to appreciate this heritage and the complex flavors that have been perfected over the ages.

Tasting Iranian Foods, including Persian kebabs, is an opportunity for cultural exploration. Authentic Iranian kebabs are a part of Iranian people’s lives, and food is an integral part of any culture.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

shahdad desert

Kalut Shahdad Desert (Tourism, Weather, Photos)

What if I told you there exists a place where the sands of the desert hold secrets whispered by the wind? Imagine a landscape so vast and desolate yet teeming with life and wonder. What lies beyond the shimmering horizon? Join us as we embark on a journey into the depths of an amazing place, the Kalut Shahdad Desert, where every dune tells a story and every footprint is a step into the unknown.

Shahdad, One Mysterious Desert in the World

Iran is famous for its long history, lively culture, and stunning views. One of its unique places is the Kalut Shahdad Desert, found in Kerman province. In this huge desert, there’s something mesmerizing called the Kaluts, which really interests adventurers and nature lovers.

Kalut Shahdad Desert is sometimes overlooked because other deserts are more famous, but this fascinating desert has its own special charm waiting to be found. Covering an area of more than 480 square kilometers, this desert shows the amazing beauty of nature with its tall sand hills, rough land, and fascinating rock formations.

For centuries, the Shahdad Desert and its Kaluts have captured the imagination of poets, artists, and travelers, inspiring tales of wonder and awe. Today, as people explore its windy plains and tall dunes, they become part of this old story, making their own memories among the always-moving sands.

Shahdad Sand Dunes

One of the new attractions of the Kalut Shahdad Desert is the presence of shifting sand dunes. These sand dunes, formed over time by the continuous and strong movement of winds, create various shapes and a plethora of patterns in the sands of the Shahdad Desert.

Each time, they provide a new location and opportunity for explorers and nature enthusiasts. This moving event brings a new and special charm to visiting the Kalut Shahdad Desert, offering visitors a fresh experience of nature’s beauty.

Shahdad Kaluts

The Kaluts, also spelled as “Kolouts,” are extraordinary geological formations found in the Kalut Shahdad Desert in Kerman.

kalut shahdad desert
Kalut Shahdad Desert

At the heart of the Shahdad Desert is the amazing sight of the Kaluts, a strange maze of rocks made by wind and water over many years. These natural sculptures are often likened to castles or cities emerging from the desert sands. Stand as silent witnesses to the passage of time. Their detailed shapes and textures enchant visitors with their strange beauty.

Exploring the Kaluts of the Shahdad Desert on a safari is an unforgettable adventure. Venturing into the center of the desert, visitors are greeted by a surreal landscape unlike any other. The wavy sand hills spread out as far as you can see. And their golden colors change as the sun moves. Here’s Everything About Desert Safari You Need to Know.

Shahdad Desert Tourism

Despite their remote location and harsh desert climate, the Kaluts continue to attract adventurers, photographers, and nature enthusiasts from around the world. Exploring the Kaluts in the Shahdad Desert is a unique experience for tourists.

It’s a journey through remarkable natural formations. As guests explore the maze-like formations, every twist reveals a new surprise, from tall columns to hidden caves with old drawings. This helps them learn more about the area’s history and culture. It makes Kalut Shahdad Desert tourism even more interesting.

Shahdad Desert Temperature

The Shahdad Desert weather is characterized by extreme temperatures and arid conditions, making it one of the hottest and driest places on Earth. The Shahdad Desert temperature can soar to blistering highs during the day, often exceeding 50 degrees Celsius (122 degrees Fahrenheit) in the summer months.

Conversely, nighttime temperatures can plummet dramatically, sometimes dropping below freezing point, due to the lack of moisture in the air and the absence of cloud cover.

Shahdad Desert Weather

The weather in the Shahdad Desert is affected by its geographical location in the southeast part of Iran, which is very dry, with not much rain and a lot of evaporation. That’s why there are only a few plants and lots of sand dunes, making it hard for most living things to survive.

Shahdad Desert Photos
Biggest Sand Cliffs in the World

Even though the Kalut Shahdad Desert is adamant, it still attracts adventurers and nature lovers who are fascinated by its raw beauty and endless sights. But visitors need to be careful and ready for the harsh weather, like drinking enough water, wearing the right clothes, and not staying in the sun for too long.

Famous Filmmaker Sir Attenborough in Shahdad Desert

Kalut Shahdad Desert, with its unreal beauty and lasting charm, has pulled in many famous people from all over the world, attracted by its stunning scenery and amazing sense of excitement. Some of these visitors include well-known adventurers and artists looking for ideas. And even some famous people want to be in such a peaceful and quiet place.

One notable visitor to the Shahdad Desert location was the renowned adventurer and filmmaker Sir David Attenborough. His experience exploring the Kalut Shahdad Desert left a lasting impression, as he was amazed by the strange scenery shaped by wind and water over many years.

In the rough beauty of the desert, Sir David Attenborough was fascinated by the tall rocks of the Kaluts, every turn showing hidden caves with old drawings. His trip into the middle of the desert helped people understand more about its history and culture. His experience made this beautiful desert an even more important and special place to visit for adventurers and nature lovers.

Kalut Shahdad Desert Significance

Likewise, artists and photographers have long been drawn to the otherworldly landscapes of the Kalut Shahdad Desert, seeking to capture its timeless beauty through their lenses. Renowned photographers such as Steve McCurry and Sebastião Salgado have ventured into the desert’s depths, mesmerized by its ever-shifting dunes and majestic Kaluts.

Their amazing photos show how much people love the desert and keep making others feel amazed and curious about its beauty and secrets all over the world.

Even celebrities have been known to seek solace and inspiration amidst the vast expanse of the desert. From actors and musicians to writers and spiritual leaders, the desert’s tranquil beauty offers a welcome respite from the hustle and bustle of everyday life.

Shahdad Desert Tourism
Shahdad Desert Photos

Whether camping beneath the starlit sky or embarking on a meditative journey through the desert’s labyrinthine valleys, these famous visitors have found solace and serenity in Shahdad’s timeless embrace.

In the end, the experiences of famous personalities in Shahdad Desert are as varied and diverse as the desert itself. Each visitor brings their own unique perspective and interpretation to this mesmerizing landscape, leaving behind a legacy of inspiration and awe that continues to captivate generations to come.

Conclusion

In closing, Shahdad Desert shows the never-ending charm and strength of nature. Its huge golden sands, tall dunes, and mysterious Kaluts make a landscape that’s both captivating and puzzling. For centuries, this far-off part of Iran has interested poets, artists, and adventurers, inviting them to find new things and feel amazed.

Exploring this fascinating desert demands courage, yet rewards abound for those who venture into its depths. It’s a journey of self-discovery, where solace is found in the desert’s silence and the vastness of the night sky.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

Namak lake

Namak Lake in Iran (History, Timing, Map, Photos)

Salt lakes are one of the natural gems found in Iran. These phenomenal lakes are located in different cities of Iran from the northwest and central part of the country to the south, and even the lakes located in the Persian Gulf. Amongst the natural areas of Iran is the renowned Hoz Sultan Salt Lake (Namak Lake), which is a short distance from the capital city, Tehran. Being known as the largest Salt Lake in Iran, Hoz Sultan Salt Lake is one of the must-see sightseeing places in the city of Qom.

About Namak Lake Iran

Namak Salt Lake, or Hoz Sultan Lake, which is also known as “Royal Lake,” with an area of ​​approximately 240 square kilometers, is located in the south of the Alborz Mountain range. The size and shape of the lake are different according to the water input and the amount of rainfall in different seasons of the year.

In this way, the water level of the lake fluctuates continuously. This lake consists of two separate pits. The western pit is called “Sultan Pond,” and the eastern pit is called “Mareh Pond,” which are both connected via a waterway. In the rainy season, the Mareh Pond is first filled with rainwater, and later, the excess water pours into the Sultan Pond.

Rivers Flowing into the Lake

Namak Lake is like a giant mirror in the heart of Iran. This Lake is 820 meters above sea level, which is almost the same height on the entire surface of the lake. Numerous rivers flow into the Namak Lake, which usually passes through the surrounding salt marshlands. The most common rivers that flow into the Namak Lake are “The Shur River” and “Qareh Chai.”

What Does Namak Mean?

A dirt road that is 35 kilometers from Qom-Tehran leads to the lake. There is also an embankment road inside the lake, which is used to prevent cars from sinking into the swamp and extracting the salt present in the lake.

This lake is often called Namak Lake instead of Hoz Sultan since “Namak” translates to “salt” in Persian, and this is due to the existence of abundant salt in this lake. Nevertheless, this Salt Lake covers a wide area in the southeast of Qom. Every year, large amounts of salt are extracted from the Hoz Sultan Lake.

The Two Appearances of the Lake

The Namak Lake of Qom has two incredible outward appearances and is one of the top things to do in Qom city. The size and shape of the lake vary according to the water input and the amount of rainfall in different seasons of the year. Therefore, when it rains and the snow melts in the Zagros highlands, there is a relatively cool lake full of salty water. Later, when the weather gets warmer, the lake water evaporates, and the salts buried beneath the surface of the lake are revealed.

namak lake iran
Namak Lake of Qom

Due to the extreme temperature difference between day and night, weathering occurs, and the rocks in the lake gradually crack and break apart. These rocks then turn into pebbles and sand. Only during winter does Namak Lake bear water. In the hot seasons of the year, the lake bed looks like a salt crust because the water evaporates in hotter days of the year.

This unique region is highly crucial in terms of biological sciences, ecology, paleontology, weather, and climate.

Best Time to Visit Namak Lake

The best season to visit Hoz Sultan Lake is early spring and mid-autumn. During these periods, tourists will be safe from the scorching cold of the desert and its excruciating heat and can enjoy its boundless beauty.

Namak Lake History

According to historical findings, Namak Lake did not exist before 1883, as well as the road that currently exists connecting Tehran and Qom. However, in those years, a man named “Amin al-Sultan”, who owned many land properties in that area decided to change the transit route between Tehran and Qom in a way that would be beneficial to him and for the prosperity of the market and his estates.

For this purpose, by his order the dam nearby and on the river Shur was to be broken. Later, the water that was held behind this dam was to cover the path. The removal of the dam gradually allowed the water to pour into the two pits of Sultan Pond and Mareh Pond.

In regards to the naming of Hoz Sultan Lake, we can say that the name of “Sultan Pond” is taken from the name of a nearby caravanserai, which was active in the era of Sultan Sanjar Seljuk.

Before the Tehran-Qom route was changed, this caravanserai was used for travelers to rest and live in the middle of the route. In the later years, the building complex was rehabilitated during the Safavid and Qajar dynasties, but the said route remained abandoned.

Accessing Namak Lake Iran

To reach Namak Lake, there are two access routes. The path depends on which route you are on. If you want to go from Tehran to Namak Lake, you have to travel about 70 kilometers.

Salt lake iran
Salt Lakes in Iran

After traveling along this route, you will come across a tourist sign that takes you to the other side of the highway from the underpass on the same side. In there, you will see a path that leads to Cheshmeye Shur village. If you continue this path, you will reach Namak Lake.

Note that if you want to travel the route to the lake with your car, you should be aware that you cannot reach the end of the route with any car.

Another point is that there are swamps in some parts of the land, and there is a risk of your car getting stuck in them, so it is best to take the route with caution and prior knowledge.

Sightseeing Areas in Namak Lake

The wildlife of Qom Namak Lake is very unique and spectacular. Different bird species like Bustards, pigeons, migratory birds such as gray geese, Ruddy shelduck, storks, different kinds of eagles, and many other non-native birds are among the most wonderful wildlife in Qom. Some mammals also live in the salty soil of the region. Animals such as rabbits, rats, foxes, and even deer have been seen in the surrounding fields.

Things to Keep in Mind Before Visiting Namak Lake

Never travel alone to Namak Lake.

Due to the presence of specific deep holes in many places in the region, there is a possibility of drowning in Namak Lake.

There are no amenities, shops, or accommodations in the area of ​​Namak Lake.

To advance to the heart of the lake, you have to cross a muddy path; therefore, you will have salt marks on your shoes and clothes while walking in the area. Therefore, avoid wearing formal shoes and pants.

To visit Namak Lake, you will need complete desert climbing equipment.

When visiting the lake, avoid passing through unknown paths.

Avoid harming the nature of Namak Lake and be diligent in preserving its unique ecosystem.

Visiting Hoz Sultan Lake is free of charge.

Hoz Sultan Lake

Travelers will be able to walk through the lake on their trip to Hoz Sultan Lake. Due to the low depth, high sediments, and muddy and swampy surface, it is not possible to sail or travel with safari vehicles in this area. However, cycling is considered one of the best recreations in this region and gives you a different experience of cycling in Iran.

Hoz Sultan Lake
Hoz Sultan Lake Iran

It is possible to visit the world’s largest natural mirror in Hoz Sultan Lake, which can lead to the creation of fabulous images by professional photographers.

Namak Lake is one of Iran’s best bird-watching destinations, and this activity is considered a suitable option for nature and wildlife enthusiasts.

Namak Lake Map

Here’s Namak Lake Map for those curious about its location and surroundings.

Final Word

Traveling to these Iranian salt lakes, considering that we are facing a path of Iranian white gold, has an extraordinary beauty that will calm the mind of every tourist, especially walking on these lakes barefoot can also give you a sense of therapeutic effects.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

things to do in qom

Top Things to Do in Qom Province + Photos

Qom, located in central Iran, is a historical city in which several centuries of history are woven. This cultural city has many historical sites and places among which bazaars, traditional houses, and ancient mosques are the most popular ones and narrate stories about the architectural and cultural heritage of Iran. This city enjoys the presence of numerous seminaries and religious schools. Qom is also known as the “City of Scholars.” Millions of Shia pilgrims also flock to the city, particularly at religious occasions and anniversaries, from across Iran, Iraq, Bahrain, Lebanon, Azerbaijan, Pakistan, India, and many other countries. Here are the top things to do in Qom that make your trip to Iran a memorable one.

What State Is Qom in?

Qom is the capital of Qom Province, which is situated in central Iran. Qom Province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, situated in the central part of the country. Qom province covers an area of approximately 11,237 square kilometers.

Tehran Province, Markazi Province, Semnan Province, and Isfahan Province are the neighbors of Qom Province from north, west, south, and east. The Qom city is situated 142 kilometers away from the south of Tehran.

The city is located on the banks of the Qomrud River. The area surrounding Qom is mainly a vast desert. Nevertheless, Qom, with a population of over 1.2 million people, is the second-largest city in Qom province.

Things to Do in Qom Province Iran

Qom is the central city of Iran, and the city has a lot to offer to its visitors. Visiting mosques, gardens, parks, and the old bazaar of the Qom are only some of the things to do in Qom province Iran.

Besides being beautiful and historical, these places are the main attractions of Qom Province and are considered free things to do in Qom province. In addition, we will explore the Places to visit in Qom and answer this question: Where to go in Qom?

Shrine of Fatima Masouma

The Holy Shrine of Hazrat Masoumeh, also called the Shrine of Fatima Masouma, is a sacred place of worship in Iran’s Qom city. It is among the major Shiia Muslim sanctuaries and pilgrimage sites in Iran. Fatima Masouma was an outstanding icon known for her devoutness, scholarship, and commitment to her religion.

Fatemeh Masumeh Shrine
Fatima Masumeh Shrine Photos

She died in Qom during the 9th century AD. Her memorial shrine was built to recognize this fact. Every year, millions of pilgrims come from within and without Iran to visit the shrine located at Fatima Mosque to respect their will, seek benedictions, and perform religious activities.

As a result, this shrine carries enormous spiritual significance for Shiia Muslims as it serves as a haven for them where they can always find solace and get motivated spiritually.

Jamkaran Mosque

The Jamkaran Mosque is an important religious site close to Qom, Iran. It is visited by Shi’a Muslims, who come to the mosque to light candles, say prayers, and ask for blessings. The mosque is based on the expectation of the return of al-Mahdi, the twelfth Imam of the Twelver branch of Shi’a Islam.

It is believed that when the savior appears, justice will be based on the universe. In the 9th century, it is said that al-Mahdi made an appearance at the Jamkaran Mosque. The well at the mosque is a particular feature of the complex since beliefs say that it is linked to an event in which al-Mahdi visited the well and left a shining light, marking his visit from a divine source.

Gonbad-e Sabz Garden

Many of the visitors to the Qom who are seeking free things to do in Qom province will enjoy this garden. Gonbad-e Sabz Garden is a historical and beautiful destination where visitors can enjoy both lush greenery and history at the same time.

Although Gonbad-e Sabz Garden, also known as Baq-e Sabz Garden, is a small place, it features three domes, which creates extra beauty for this location. The garden is situated in the east of Qom province, and there are three relics surrounding it that date back to the 8th century AH (in the Islamic Calendar).

For visiting Gonbad-e Sabz Garden, there are no entrance fees required, and this place is one of the top free things to do in Qom province.

Qom Old Bazaar

The Qom Old Bazaar is a historic marketplace. It is the city’s main shopping area and has been a central part of Qom’s identity for centuries. It dates back to the Safavid Empire era (16th-18th centuries), and though it has been added to and renovated over the years, it has kept its traditional feel.

The bazaar is made up of a maze of narrow lines and is filled with colorful stalls. It is sectioned off into different parts of the market depending on the type of goods. In other words, the place to go for textiles is separate from the place to buy clothes, and that’s different from where you find spices condiments, and so on.

qom grand bazaar photos
Qom Grand Bazaar Photos

Visitors can shop for textiles, clothes, spices, handicrafts, jewelry, carpets, and traditional Iranian desserts.

Mehr-o Mah Complex

If you are tired of historical sites, Mehr-o Mah complex is the place to go. Mehr-o Mah complex is a tourist destination exactly located 10 km away from Qom City on the Qom-Tehran highway. One of the complex’s most stunning elements is the curving linear atrium that unites the building’s two stories.

This atrium visually unifies the whole complex and continues in one-story tiers, separating areas and eateries. Mehr-o Mah complex is super cozy, and its elegance and luxury can be seen in every part of its design.

Some of the top restaurants and high-end stores are situated in Mehr-o Mah Complex. You can consider this location as a good place to rest and enjoy the beauties of Qom and its super-end shops and restaurants.

Khezr Hill

Known as Kuh-e Khizr in Persian, Khezr Hill is a renowned natural attraction and a prominent landscape providing vistas of its surroundings. The hill is popular with both locals and tourists.

The name of the Khezr Hill originates from Khizr (also written as Khezr or Khidr), an Islamic figure who is honored in Islamic tradition as a spiritual guide and is thus associated with spirituality, knowledge, and wisdom.

There is folklore connected to Khizr, which speculates that the same was associated with the said hill, which therefore adds extra religious and cultural importance to the same.

Astane Museum

Situated near the Fatima Masouma Shrine, Astaneh Moqadass Museums is one of the oldest and most important museums in Iran. The diversity of this museum and its valuable collection of items are two highlights of this cultural site. The Astane Moqaddas Museums houses a wide range of collections, each of which is priceless in terms of historical value.

astaneh museum qom photos
Astaneh Museum Qom Photos

The collection of the Astaneh Museum is divided into different sections, which include Quranic verses, carpets and rugs, goldsmith shrines, wooden artworks, glassware, pottery, metal jewelry decorations, golden plaques, and ancient figures. Give this museum a visit if you are interested in the history, culture, and religion of the Iranian people.

Imam Khomeini’s House

Imam Khomeini’s House in Qom is a site of political and historical significance. He resided there for many years and used the house as a place to lecture, speak, and disseminate his ideas about government. Imam came to live in Qom and resided in the house where he began to teach and explain his ideas on Islamic government and social justice.

For scholars, activists, and followers who were inspired by his ideas and sought to challenge the legitimacy of the Pahlavi government, Imam’s house in Qom became a place of gathering. They fought for these ideas through the house, and the Islamic Revolution was prepared in the process.

Deyr-e Gachin Caravansary

Qom city is famous for its ancient and historical caravanserais. One of the notable caravanserais of Qom is the Deyr-e Gachin caravanserai, which is situated in the center of the Kavir National Park of Qom. One of the famous names of Deyr-e Gachin caravanserai is “Mother of Iranian Caravanserais” due to its unique qualities, and it’s one of the oldest caravanserais in the region.

The caravanserai has four iwans and occupies an area of roughly 12,000 square meters. This location is one of the reminiscences of the Sasanian era. The caravanserai is thought to have been built by Ardashir I, the founder of the Sasanian Empire, or Anushiruwān (Khosrow I).

Yazdan Panah House

Yazdan Panah House is a unique and charming destination that attracts visitors from all over the region for its cozy design and delicious Persian cuisine. Located in the heart of Qom, Yazdan Panah House is a complex from the Qajar and first Pahlavi periods.

This 19th-century building maintains its original beams and features contemporary ways to warm things up and showcases a unique and amazing picture of traditional Iranian restaurants.

yazdan panah historical house
Yazdan Panah Historical House

Yazdan Panah House has great dining spaces with open and airy historical rooms. The menu of Yazdan Panah House consists of delicious items, and they are well-known for their unique tastes. The restaurant is open from 12:30 PM to 11:59 PM, seven days a week.

Kavir National Park

Another magnificent place to visit in Qom is Kavir National Park. Kavir National Park is known for its diverse landscapes and wildlife. Situated in the north of Iran, approximately 100 kilometers east of Qom, this protected ecological zone is a nature lover’s paradise.

The park encompasses desert and steppe landscapes and is often called “Little Africa” thanks to its safari-like wildlife. Native goats and sheep roam the area, and the park is also home to striped hyenas, Indian wolves, gazelles, Asiatic cheetahs, and Persian leopards.

Besides being a charming destination, Kavir National Park faces several challenges, such as excessive land use for cattle grazing and illegal hunting, which are currently being taken care of. In general, Kavir National Park is a beautiful place for desert safari travelers and people who want to spend their time in nature and enjoy the gifts of God.

Moreover, Namak Lake is situated near the Kavir National Park, making it a must-visit destination for tourists and travelers.

Hovz-e Soltan Lake

Hovz-e Soltan Lake is a large salt lake located in Qom Province, and it is on the list of the top tourist attractions in Qom. The Hovz-e Soltan Lake is one of the largest salt flats in the world, holding ecological and economic significance in the area.

The lake includes white salt crystals that cover its surface. This action creates a surreal appearance that is unlike anything else in the world. The outlook of this place makes it a lovely destination for film producers and photographers.

Overall, Hoz-e Soltan Lake is famous around the world, and the unique landscapes of this place are the real magnets for tourists.

Is Qom Worth a Visit?

Qom has its fair share of historical and architectural attractions. Attractions of Qom Province, including the Grand Mosque of Qom and other ancient mosques and traditional bazaars, reflect the city’s architectural heritage and are some of the popular places to visit in Qom.

qom iran city
Top Tourist Attractions in Qom

If you have an interest in religious and cultural heritage, especially in the context of Shia Islam, this city is worth visiting and provides Top Tourist attractions in Qom.

Moreover, the attractions of Qom Province are the main religious education and pilgrimage centers in the country, and the Shrine of Fatima Masumeh carries great significance in the eyes of Shia Muslims. Exploring the shrines, mosques, and seminaries offers visitors a unique view of the country’s religious traditions.

Final Words

Qom is important from both cultural and touristic perspectives. Qom is a major center for religious learning, considered to be one of Iran’s holiest cities, and has several notable tourist sites and attractions. In total, the religious and cultural significance of the Qom makes it a unique destination.

Qom offers a chance to observe religious pilgrimage, education, and practice, as well as to explore part of Iran’s cultural practices and religious rituals. It can be of interest to travelers curious about Iran’s religious and cultural traditions.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.