Every traditional food in the world with popularity has its own unique story and origin. The tasty Persian Gaz is no exception and is one of the most popular souvenirs purchased from Iran.

What is Iranian Gaz? The Iranian Gaz or the Persian Nougat is a candy made of nuts like pistachios, rose water, and sap (a fluid extracted from a plant). Not only the Iranian Gaz candy is super flavorful, but it also has many health benefits. Stay with us to learn more about the Persian Gaz, its history, recipe, price, and more.

What is Gaz Angabin?

The Persian term “Gaz” is related to the words “Gaz-Angabin”. Angabin is another word for honey in Persian, and with the combination of Gaz and honey, this simply means the “honey of Gaz” extracted from the Tamarisk plant species in the Zagros Mountain ranges in Iran. The Gaz is supposed to be the sap extracted from the Tamarisk tree.

Iranian Gaz History and Origin

The origin and the making of the Persian Nougat dates back to 450 years ago during the Safavid dynasty. The ancient city of Isfahan is where Gaz candy was first made.

Eating sweets and candies have always been customary in ancient Persia for thousands of years. According to archeological researchers, sweets were an essential and common consumption item for the hospitality customs in Iran that still exist up to this day.

Although the exact date for the production of the Iranian Gaz in Isfahan has not been officially recorded, the past generations of Gaz producers have shown the modern world how the recipe and its history have passed down over the years.

The Safavid dynasty was a flourishing era in Iran where art and culture were booming in the cultured city of Isfahan. Historians also state that the making of Gaz candy precedes to the Qajar dynasty during the reign of Agha Muhammad Khan Qajar, which was before the Safavid era.

The Iranian Gaz was then exported to the neighboring and western lands and later became one of the most popular food items from Iran among other countries. The kings in ancient Iran would use the Gaz candy as a gift offered to royal families from the West.

Halva Chubeh

The Halva Chubeh is the earliest sweets made in Iran, which is quite similar to the Gaz in the market. Halva is a confectionary originally from Iran, made from flour, eggs, rosewater, and other ingredients.

Halva chubeh is a crispy white sweet made of egg whites, sugar, and pistachio that are mixed in a copper container, and within 2 hours, the Gaz mixture is formed.

The mixture is then cut into small pieces, forming cookie-like sweets. In the olden days, agriculture workers would eat these sweets during work to reduce exhaustion and boost their mood.

Persian Gaz Health Benefits

The Iranian Gaz candy is sweet and gummy with a blend of healthy nuts that adds relishing flavors to this traditional nougat.

Because of the presence of pistachios or walnuts and Angabin (Honey) in the Iranian Gaz, this candy is not just appetizing; it boasts several health benefits as well. Here, we are going to learn about some of these benefits.

Angabin Benefits

Honey is rich in antioxidants, minerals, and vitamins. Angabin, which is honey, contains calcium. Therefore, it is beneficial for the bones and is useful for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis.

It has laxatives that can improve bowel movement and stop constipation and hemorrhoids. It is also the best laxative for children and the elderly who suffer from such health problems.

Since Angabin harbors magnesium, it can reduce the development of cancer cells. The white color of the Iranian Gaz is not made with any food coloring or such; it is all natural ingredients that are not harmful to the teeth, but it actually whitens the teeth and strengthens the gums.

Pistachio Benefits

Pistachios have a lot of nutritional properties. With the Persian Gaz containing a healthy ingredient like pistachios, you can strengthen the brain cells and memory.

This tasty nut is also useful for calming the heart and the nerves. Pistachios are recommended by many traditional doctors in Iran.

They can open up the liver channel pathways. Just like honey, pistachios are perfect anti-oxidants that can reduce the risk of cancer. They have low calories but have high protein, so you do not need to worry about weight gain.

How many calories are in Persian Gaz?

As mentioned earlier, pistachios are low in calories. The only ingredients in the Gaz with higher calories are honey, glucose, and flour.

Depending on the size of the Gaz you consume, the number of calories will vary. However, a moderate and most common size Gaz will have around 370 to 424 kilo calories. It will have around 9 grams of fat and 6 grams of protein.

Iranian Gaz Recipe

The Iranian Gaz candy is mostly served with tea or other hot beverages. In the evening, after a challenging day, having a bite from the velvet-like and chewy Gaz is an opportunity you do not want to miss.

People in Iran also make Gaz at home, apart from buying them from a pastry shop. There are a few ingredients you need to make this treasured Persian Nougat.

You can read the authentic Gaz recipe in our article. Follow these steps to make your own Iranian Gaz! Firstly, you need to prepare the Persian Gaz ingredients. They are:

• 250 grams of sugar
• 375 grams of liquid glucose
• 5 egg whites
• 3 or 4 spoons of rosewater
• 100 to 150 grams of any nut you prefer (common nuts are pistachios or walnuts)
• ¾ glasses of water
• Some flour

To make the Iranian Gaz candy, you must first mix the water and sugar in a copper pot. Put the mixture on low heat until the sugar dissolves and the water gets hot. Do not let the water boil, you must put the pot on a heat diffuser to avoid overheating.

Once the sugar is dissolved, add the liquid glucose and mix well with a whisk or a wooden spoon until the nectar dissolves. In Persian, this process is called the “Thread” effect.

In the meantime, beat the egg white with an electric mixer until it becomes fluffy and doubles in size, so that it does not spill when we flip the container.

Then add rose water to the mixture and stir it for a while. You must be careful that the nectar does not boil while stirring. Make sure your cooker is on low heat.

Check the nectar between your two fingers until it reaches the threading effect, that is when the mixture is stretched like a thread between your two fingers.

When the nectar is ready, pour some of it into the egg whites and wait until they are at the same temperature. After stirring a little, pour all the egg whites into the nectar pot and stir the ingredients in a rotational direction.

This step must be done carefully! Stir the ingredients with a mixer at high speed for 10 to 15 minutes, and in between, turn off the mixer a few times and stir the ingredients with a wooden spoon until all the ingredients are well mixed.

The mixture in the pot must be constantly checked and stirred. But since the bottom of the copper pot is small and a heat diffuser is used, you can leave the pot from time to time and start stirring again so you don’t get too tired, this step takes about 1.5 to 2 hours.

When the material reaches the stage where it hardens and does not fall off the spoon, the Gaz is ready, and you can turn off the flame. Now add the nuts and mix them well so the nuts remain evenly all over the Gaz.

Then, wait for the Gaz to cool down and become lukewarm. Then, you can use any mold you like to make the Gaz shape. If you are using a mold, sprinkle flour inside the mold and then shape the Gaz dough into it and place the dough on the bottom of a dish. Hold it well and then put it in a serving dish.

Where can you buy the Iranian Gaz Candy?

If you want to taste the best Iranian Gaz in Iran, it is best to buy them from their place of origin, the beautiful Isfahan city. Several pastry shops in Isfahan are famous for making the best Gaz in Iran. We recommend buying the most savory Gaz from these locations:

Gaz Kermani

Gaz Kermani is one of the best Gaz makers in Isfahan, and the shop is more than a hundred years old. Haj Mirza Hossein Mohsenzadeh Kermani was the founder of Gaz Kermani in Isfahan during the Qajar era.

Apart from Kermani Gaz, Mozaffari Gaz is one of the oldest in the market, which started its activity in 1930, and like other traditional Gaz shops, the profession has been passed down from father to son.

Gaz Mozafari has a branch on Sheikh Bahai Street near Chaharbagh Abbasi Street, and its other branch is on Sheikh Sadouq Street.

There are thousands of locations in traditional and modern markets that specialize in making and selling Iranian Gaz candy.

Iranian Gaz Price

Depending on the packaging and the weight of your purchase, the Gaz price is different. For normal Gaz packages, the price is around 1 $, and luxury packages are up to 20 or 50 $. You can find higher prices on the market as well.

Finally

Gaz is one of the most traditional sweets produced in Iran. Since the making of this candy, the Iranian Gaz has undergone many changes. A sweet and chewy nougat sold worldwide and loved by many abroad. Gaz is a very popular souvenir purchased by visitors. If you happen to visit Isfahan, don’t forget to try out this delicious Persian candy.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad eco resort. Maybe you will find interesting things to do in Isfahan.

In today’s world, thanks to advancements in photography, various types of cameras and lenses, capturing the night sky, and taking amazing pictures of celestial objects has become an art that is both simple and somewhat complex. With the right equipment, knowledge of photography techniques, practice, and experience, you can create artistic images of the sky and the Milky Way galaxy.

Understanding lighting techniques and using photo editing software can greatly enhance your photos. Remember that understanding the fundamentals of photography is the first step in photographing the night sky. It is safe to say that the night sky is one of the most special creations of God, and the stars, the moon’s radiance, the Milky Way, and more can all be subjects for capturing fantastic images.

Astrophotography

Astrophotography is a fascinating form of photography that comes in two main parts: astronomy and landscape. In the astronomy part, the focus is on capturing celestial objects like stars and galaxies.

In the landscape part, the goal is to combine the beauty of the Earth’s scenery with the night sky. However, capturing these subjects in the darkness of the night presents several challenges.

To take perfect pictures of the night sky, it is important to follow some key tips. In the following, we will explain the step-by-step process of astrophotography, from start to finish, so you can take professional-looking photos of stars and the Milky Way using these helpful guidelines.

Night Sky Photography Tutorial

First, you can adjust your shutter speed to 10, 15, or 30 seconds, allowing more light into your camera and improving your shots in darker scenes. Start with 10 seconds, then decrease it, as slower shutter speeds might capture star trails.

When your shutter speed is around 1/60 or slower, it is essential to keep your camera steady to keep your photos sharp. A popular tool for this purpose is the GorillaPod tripod, known for its portability and versatility. If you want a more professional option, consider the MeFoto Road Trip Travel Tripod.

Another way to allow more light into your camera without introducing lens flare is to adjust the aperture’s f-stop value or the lens’s aperture. A wider aperture, represented by a lower f-stop number, lets more light enter your camera.

When photographing in the dark night sky, focusing can be challenging because you can not see much. It is advisable to use manual focus in addition to focus peaking, if available, to identify your subject at least.

In night sky photography, it’s a good practice to start with a reasonable ISO setting, around 3200 to 6400, to evaluate your final image’s appearance. Then, if necessary, increase the ISO to capture what you want. Adjusting the ISO is the last option mentioned because you should explore all other lighting options first to maintain high image quality.

Night Sky Photography for Beginners

Night sky photography for beginners is an exciting journey to capture the wonders of the night sky. With just a basic camera and a sturdy tripod, you can start your adventure.

As a starting point, find a dark place away from city lights where the stars shine brightly. Using a wide-angle lens, set your camera to manual mode and adjust the settings.

Start with a low ISO (around 400-800) to reduce noise, a wide aperture (f/2.8 to f/4) to collect more light, and a shutter speed of 15-30 seconds to capture twinkling stars.

Test these settings and be patient since it may take a few tries to get your perfect shot. Do not forget to include an interesting background element to make your photos more attractive.

As you progress, learning about post-processing techniques using software like Adobe Lightroom or free alternatives can help enhance your photos.

Night sky photography is not just about capturing stars; it is about telling a story of the night sky. With practice, dedication, and a sense of wonder, beginners can create stunning images that show the beauty of the night.

Night Sky Photography with Phone

Night sky photography with a phone is an enjoyable way to capture the beauty of the night without the need for expensive camera equipment.

Most modern smartphones come equipped with night mode or astrophotography features that can help you take great shots of the stars, moon, and the Milky Way.

To get started, find a location with minimal light pollution and set up your phone on a stable surface or tripod. Make sure to turn off the flash and set your phone’s camera to its night mode or low-light setting.

Night Sky Photography Settings for Mobile

Adjust your phone’s ISO to a lower value (typically around 100-800) to reduce noise and use a longer exposure time (usually 10-30 seconds) to capture more light from the stars.

Test with different compositions by framing the stars alongside interesting foreground elements like trees or landscapes to add depth to your photos.

Remember to be patient and take multiple shots to increase your chances of getting that perfect night sky photograph. With practice and a steady hand, you can capture amazing images of the night sky using just your smartphone, allowing you to share the wonders of the universe with your friends and family.

Night Sky Photography Settings Canon

When it comes to night sky photography settings for Canon cameras, a few key adjustments can make a big difference. First, switch your camera to manual mode (M) for full control. Set your ISO to a low value, like 400 or 800, to reduce noise and make sure your images are clear and crisp.

Use a wide aperture, often found in lenses with lower f-stop values like f/2.8 or f/4, to let in more light. For shutter speed, start with around 15-30 seconds to capture the beauty of the stars and adjust as needed.

Do not forget to use manual focus and set it to infinity, or focus on a distant bright object to keep your stars sharp. Experimenting with these settings and practicing in different conditions will help you capture the best night sky photos with your Canon camera.

What is the Best ISO for Shooting Stars?

The best ISO setting for shooting stars is usually a lower ISO, such as ISO 400 to ISO 800. Lower ISO values result in less digital noise in your night sky photos, which can make the stars look sharper and clearer.

Higher ISO settings, while allowing for shorter exposure times, can introduce more noise, reducing the overall image quality.

However, the ideal ISO setting can vary depending on your camera’s capabilities and the specific conditions of your shoot. It is essential to experiment with different ISO settings and adjust as needed to find the perfect balance between capturing the stars and minimizing noise in your astrophotography.

Focus Methods in Night Photos

Focus methods in night photos are important for capturing clear and sharp images. The first method involves focusing at infinity (∞), which is the simplest way to achieve optimal night photo clarity.

Most lenses have an infinity symbol on them that indicates the lens’s infinite focus point. However, this method may not always be foolproof.

The second method is to focus on a subject at infinity a few hours before it gets completely dark. You can focus on the moon or a distant object near the horizon while there is still some daylight. Switch your lens to manual focus afterward, and secure the focus ring in place using tape.

The third method is to focus on a bright star in the night sky. While this method can be a bit challenging, it provides the most precise focus. To do this, install your camera on a tripod and use live view mode.

Then, use the zoom button on the display to magnify the image by 10 times, allowing you to accurately focus on a bright star. This method guarantees sharp and well-focused night photos.

Final Word

In conclusion, night sky photography is an attractive and accessible way to capture the beauty of the celestial world above us. With the right equipment, camera settings, and a bit of practice, you can take stunning photos of stars, the moon, and even the Milky Way.

Remember, it is not just about the equipment; knowing the basics of photography and understanding techniques like composition and lighting are essential.

So, grab your camera, head to a dark spot away from city lights, and begin your journey to capture the wonders of the night sky. With patience and dedication, you will be able to create remarkable photos that showcase the beauty of our world.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad eco resort.

Deserts are vast, hot, and dry lands that do not have any shade or water. For this reason, traveling to the desert is very challenging but an enjoyable and lasting experience. If you are planning to travel to the desert, there are probably many questions in your mind, for example: What are the best clothes for a trip to the desert? What are the characteristics of blazers, pants, shoes, and hats suitable for a trip to the desert? How to dress for the desert?

Choosing the right clothes for a trip to the desert is an important step after determining the destination and initial planning. Choosing the wrong clothes for desert trekking can cause great damage to the satisfaction of the trip.

In this guide, we will delve into the essential clothing items and tips on what to wear in the desert to ensure you stay protected from the harsh elements while enjoying your time in this stunning but challenging environment.

What is the Best Thing to Wear in the Desert?

The best things to wear in the desert are loose-fitting, lightweight clothes made of breathable materials, such as cotton or linen.

These clothes help keep you cool in the hot desert sun. It is also important to wear a wide-brimmed hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen to protect yourself from the sun’s strong rays.

Do not forget closed-toe shoes to keep your feet safe from the hot sand and potential hazards. Staying cool, protected, and hydrated are keys when choosing what to wear in the desert.

Traditional Desert Clothing

Traditional desert clothing varies from country to country, but it is designed to help people cope with the harsh desert environment.

In Iran, you may find people wearing loose and flowing clothes like long robes or dresses made from lightweight fabrics such as cotton or silk.

These outfits help protect the wearer from the scorching sun while allowing for air circulation to keep cool. Additionally, a headscarf or turban is often used to protect the head and face from the sun and blowing sand.

In other desert countries like Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, traditional clothing includes the “thobe” for men and the “abaya” for women.

These are long, loose-fitting robes made from breathable materials like cotton. Men may also wear head coverings like the “ghutra” or “kufiyya” to provide shade and protect against sandstorms.

These traditional desert clothing choices reflect the practical need for protection from the desert’s extreme conditions while respecting local customs and traditions.

What Color to Wear in the Desert?

In the desert, it is a good idea to wear light-colored clothing like white, beige, or light tan. Light colors reflect the sun’s heat and can help keep you cooler.

They make it easier for others to spot you if you are in need of help. It is also a good idea for your clothing color to be neutral because in case it gets dusty and dirty, it won’t look overly dirty.

Avoid dark colors like black because they can absorb the sun’s heat and make you feel even hotter. So, remember, light colors are the best choice for clothing in the desert to stay cool and safe.

What to Wear in the Desert Female

For women in the desert, it is best to wear loose and lightweight clothing like a flowy dress or loose pants and a breathable top made from fabrics like cotton or linen to stay cool in the desert heat.

A wide-brimmed hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen help protect from the strong sun. Closed-toe shoes, like sandals with straps, can be comfortable and practical.

Carrying a scarf or bandana is also useful for extra sun and sand protection. Staying comfortable and sun-safe is essential for enjoying the desert adventure.

What to Wear in the Desert at Night?

In the desert at night, it can get surprisingly cold, so it is important to be prepared. You should consider wearing long pants and a long-sleeved shirt to keep warm.

Bringing a lightweight jacket or sweater is a good idea as well. These layers can help you stay comfortable when the temperature drops.

Do not forget to keep a scarf or a shawl handy to cover your neck and shoulders if it gets windy. Also, closed-toe shoes are still a good choice to protect your feet from the cool desert sand. Staying warm and comfortable is key for enjoying the desert at night.

What to Wear in the Desert in Summer?

Exploring the desert during the scorching summer months requires careful attention to the right clothing and equipment. Firstly, it is very important to wear suitable shoes.

Walking barefoot on the hot desert sand can cause burns and discomfort. Therefore, wearing cool but fully covered shoes is wise to protect your feet from the blazing ground and any potential hazards.

Full sun protection is essential in the desert’s intense summer heat. Wearing a hat, using a sunshade, and wearing sunglasses are all measures to prevent sunburn and excessive heat exposure.

A good desert hat should have a double layer, provide shade, be light-colored, and have a neck cover to shield against insects and sunburn.

When it comes to clothing, choose lightweight, natural-fiber shirts and pants to stay cool and comfortable. Applying sunscreen to exposed skin is also essential. Additionally, carrying a small blanket or a light jacket can be useful for staying warm during the cooler desert nights.

What Shoes to Wear in Desert?

The desert is no place for high heels or fancy shoes. It is important to prioritize practicality and protection. There is nothing better than a good pair of desert boots for desert travel, especially in rugged terrains.

These boots have high ankle support and a rugged sole, providing protection against hazards like snakes, scorpions, and thorny plants. They also make walking on sand and uneven terrain much easier while safeguarding your feet and ankles.

When selecting desert boots, it is crucial to make sure they fit your feet properly and are lightweight to prevent fatigue. They should have leather uppers and plastic soles to prevent sand from getting inside.

While desert sandals can provide ventilation and coolness for your feet, they should be used with caution to avoid burns or encounters with wildlife.

Carrying a pair of sandals for breaks or while in the vehicle is a good idea. Additionally, hiking boots designed for desert environments can also be suitable, offering durability and support.

Breathability is a key feature to look for in any desert footwear, helping to keep your feet comfortable, and choosing light-colored shoes can help reflect heat away from your feet.

Merino Wool

The best choice for desert style and clothing, especially for desert tours and exploration, is Merino wool. It is said that nomadic people in the Sinai Peninsula’s desert used Merino wool to stay cool during hot days and keep warm on cold nights. Merino wool has some unique qualities that make it an excellent choice for desert clothing:

Temperature Regulation: Merino wool clothing helps regulate body temperature by trapping dead air that keeps you warm and wicks away moisture to keep you cool. This makes it a great option for desert style and attire.

Odor Resistance: Merino wool is naturally resistant to odors, keeping you feeling fresh even in the heat of the desert.

Moisture Management: Merino wool fabric is highly breathable and quickly wicks away moisture, helping to keep you dry and comfortable.

Final Word

Proper clothing in the desert is more than just fashion; this is a practical necessity for your comfort, health, and safety. Dressing appropriately with lightweight, breathable clothing, sun protective gear, and sturdy footwear will help you get the most out of your desert adventure while minimizing the risks of extreme heat and sun exposure. Remember to stay hydrated and rest in the shade if needed.

By following these simple guidelines on how to dress in the desert, you can fully enjoy the beauty of this spectacular landscape while having a safe and enjoyable experience.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad eco resort.

Nearly a quarter of vast Iran is made up of desert regions. Among these, the Kavir Desert and the Lut Desert are the most well-known among people, covering a total area of about 360,000 square kilometers.

The Dasht-e Kavir, also known as the Great Salt Desert, Central Desert, or Kavir Desert, is one of the world’s largest salt flats, stretching 800 kilometers in length and 600 kilometers in width. However, the Kavir Desert is not a uniform desert but has different climates and landscapes within it. Join us to explore this unique natural wonder.

Dasht e Kavir History

Dasht-e Kavir’s history is woven into the fabric of Iran’s past. This vast desert has been a vital trade route for centuries, connecting Iran to neighboring regions.

Along its ancient trails, travelers can discover the remnants of caravanserais, where merchants and traders once rested during their arduous journeys.

These historical works offer a glimpse into the desert’s role in facilitating cultural exchange and commerce. Additionally, the desert’s nomadic communities have preserved traditional ways of life for generations, providing tourists with a unique opportunity to learn about their enduring cultures and practices.

Kavir Salt Desert

The Kavir Salt Desert, also known as Dasht-e Kavir, has expanded its extent in the heart of Iran. It reaches the Alborz mountain range from the north, the Pir-Hajat Mountains and the Bafgh Mountains from the east, the Damghan-Jandaq connecting road from the west, and the Khur-Tabas estuary connecting road from the south.

This huge desert, with more than 800 km in length and almost 600 km in width, is the largest desert in Iran. The Kavir Salt Desert can be considered the broadest desert in Iran, starting from the southern slopes of the Alborz Mountains and extending to the central regions of the country.

Within the embrace of this desert, you can find desolate wildernesses and protected areas like Marvast, Damghan, and Khartouran. In the western part of the desert, there lies a salt desert that is one of the hottest places on Earth.

During the scorching summer, the temperature can soar to over 50 degrees Celsius (122 degrees Fahrenheit), and the difference in temperature between day and night can be as much as 70 degrees Celsius (158 degrees Fahrenheit).

The average height of the Kavir Desert is nearly 700 meters above the world’s open waters. Its lowest point, situated in the central regions of the desert, reaches about 650 meters, while its highest point, located to the north near Lake Namak-Khor and Bayazeh Desert, reaches a height of around 838 meters.

Kavir Desert Weather

Kavir Desert temperature is characterized by extremes, and it experiences some of the most intense climate conditions on our planet. During the hot summer months, temperatures can reach above 50 degrees Celsius (122 degrees Fahrenheit).

This searing heat can make the desert floor feel like a burning furnace, and finding shelter from the scorching sun becomes a priority for any traveler.

The temperature difference between day and night in the Kavir Desert is astonishing, often reaching a staggering 70 degrees Celsius (158 degrees Fahrenheit). This high fluctuation is a testimony to the desert’s unique climate.

Rainfall in the Dasht-e Kavir is low, and the desert is classified as hyper-arid. Precipitation mostly occurs in the form of sporadic and unpredictable rain showers, making it challenging for plants and animals to thrive.

However, the flora of the Kavir Desert has adapted to these harsh conditions, with salt-tolerant halophytes being the dominant plant species.

In the heart of this desert, travelers must prepare for the blazing heat during the day and the cooling chill of the desert nights, as the temperature can drop significantly after the sun sets.

This climate creates an environment of extremes, where survival is a remarkable feat, and the desert’s unique beauty shines through its ever-changing landscapes.

Kavir Desert Animals

The Kavir desert is home to a variety of animals, each of which is adapted to its harsh and dry environment. Let’s discover the amazing creatures that live in this vast desert.

Plant Life

In the Kavir Desert, most of the plant life consists of halophytes, which are plants specially designed to thrive in salty soils. These hardy plants have evolved to withstand the desert’s challenging conditions.

Central Desert

In the central parts of the Kavir Desert, where there are no natural water springs, both plant and animal life are scarce. The absence of permanent water sources makes this region challenging for plants and animals to survive.

Southern Margins

The southern edges of the Kavir Desert and its bordering areas host a diverse range of wildlife. Here, you can find creatures like the sand cat, sand fox, jerboa, gazelle, hare, monitor lizard, and various bird species, including the saker falcon. In the higher elevations, you may come across wild goats and more.

Scorpions

The Kavir Desert is also known for its scorpions, among which we can mention the golden scorpion, the black scorpion, the fat tail scorpion, etc. These arachnids have adapted to the harsh desert conditions and can be found in the region.

Adaptation

Kavir Desert animals have developed remarkable adaptations to survive the extreme heat and lack of water. They have developed efficient water-conservation mechanisms and often come out to forage during the cooler evening hours when the desert temperature drops.

In the Kavir Desert, life is a constant battle against the elements, but these resilient animals have found their place in this unforgiving landscape. Their ability to endure and survive in the face of such challenges is a testament to the wonders of nature’s adaptability.

Kavir Desert Facts

Dashte Kavir is a remarkable natural wonder in central Iran. The desert is incredibly flat, and the landscape is often characterized by vast salt flats and salt pans, which are the remains of ancient lakes.

Interestingly, this desert was once submerged under water, and the salt flats are proof of its geological history. The salt crusts here are so thick that you can even drive across them in some areas.

Additionally, Dashte Kavir experiences minimal rainfall, earning it the classification of a hyper-arid desert.

Despite the harsh conditions, life has found a way to continue in this desert, with plants and animals that can withstand extreme temperatures and lack of water. It is a place where the beauty of desolation meets the mysteries of Earth’s geological past, making it a unique destination for exploration.

Kavir Desert Tourism

Kavir Desert tourism offers a unique combination of natural wonders and cultural experiences. The vast sand dunes and salt flats are the main attractions that invite adventure seekers for activities like sandboarding and desert safaris.

The desert’s deceptive mirages, where distant objects seem closer than they are, are a sight to behold. Wildlife enthusiasts can spot desert creatures like the fennec fox and sand gazelle, while cultural enthusiasts can explore ancient caravanserais and interact with resilient nomadic communities.

With its otherworldly landscapes and rich history, the Kavir Desert promises an unforgettable adventure for those seeking a taste of Iran’s arid beauty.

Dasht-e Kavir Desert Location

Dashte-e Kavir, which is located in the center of Iran, is easily accessible from different directions. While there are no major cities in the desert itself, several towns and cities surround it, providing entry points for adventurous explorers.

From the north, you can get close to the desert from cities like Tehran and Semnan. From the east, the cities of Yazd and Kerman are gateways to enter the vast desert.

On the western side, the city of Qom is the starting point for those interested in exploring the vastness of the desert. In addition, from the south, you can access the desert from cities such as Isfahan and Shiraz.

These urban centers with proper communication make traveling to the desert plain relatively easy for travelers.

Kavir Desert Map

The Dasht-e Kavir on the map of Iran is like the heart of a vast desert that beats in the center of the country. When you look at the map, you will notice this vast desert covering a significant part of Iran’s central region.

It stretches from the northern foothills of the Alborz Mountains to the east, reaching out towards the Pir-Hajat and Bafgh Mountains. On the map, this desert forms a vast, irregular shape, spanning over 800 kilometers in length and nearly 600 kilometers in width, making it one of the largest deserts in Iran.

Final Word

The Kavir Desert, with its vast desolation and striking beauty, is a place that captivates you with its own beauty. Its endless sand dunes, searing temperatures, and ever-shifting landscapes create a world unlike any other. Yet, amidst the harshness of this environment, life goes on in remarkable ways.

Plants and animals have cleverly adapted to survive, and nomadic communities continue their age-old traditions. The desert also bears the scars of ancient civilizations, with caravanserais and historical relics dotting the arid landscape, telling stories of the desert’s pivotal role in Iran’s trade and culture.

Exploring the Kavir Desert is a journey into the heart of Iran’s natural and cultural heritage. If you ever travel to Iran, never miss visiting this magnificent desert.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad eco resort.

Iran’s Qanats are one of the most interesting tourist attractions in the country. Thousands of years ago, Qanat or Kariz was created by Iranians for the first time as a solution to deal with dehydration. This simple but functional structure is a sign of the Iranian people’s intelligence and efforts to improve living conditions. Those interested in traveling in Iran can visit various aqueducts in every corner of this land, especially in the southern, eastern, and central provinces of Iran. In this article, we introduce the history and types of Iranian Qanats, how to dig Qanats and the oldest Qanats in the world in Iran.

What is Qanat?

A Qanat is an old underground water system used in dry places to get water from underground and take it to where it is needed.

It has different parts, like a deep well at the beginning to find water, a tunnel going underground, and canals on the surface to carry the water to farms and towns.

This system is clever because it helps save water and stops it from disappearing in the hot sun. People have been using Qanats for a very long time, especially in Iran, where they have helped cities grow and farms flourish in places with not much rain.

Today, Qanats are important for some areas, but they also face problems like less water in the ground and modern changes. Even though things have changed a lot, Qanats still remind us of the smart ways people found to get water and make life better in tough places.

They are part of the history and culture of many regions, showing us how people in the past worked together with nature to survive and thrive.

When was the Qanat System Invented?

In the early 1st millennium BCE, small groups and tribes began migrating to the Iranian Plateau, a region where the amount of rain was less than where they lived before.

These groups had a tradition of farming, which was made easier by the presence of rivers and plentiful water sources in their former locations.

However, upon settling in the Iranian Plateau, they faced a challenging environment with generally dry and arid conditions, and the overall rainfall was insufficient.

Ancient farmers attempted to dig channels and waterways during the rainy seasons, but these channels would often dry up during the summer. It was later discovered by these farmers that the water collected in tunnels within mining areas did not dry up.

Farmers made a deal with miners who were looking for copper metal, in which they asked the miners to build tunnels for them.

The farmers aimed to ensure that the water collected from various sources, forming small streams, would be sufficient for their agricultural needs and irrigation.

The farmers of ancient Iran, with the help of miners, were able to install a water management system to use Qanat water to irrigate their crops in the hot seasons of the year.

Based on archaeological research, the Qanat system innovation is believed to have originated in northwestern Iran, near the present-day border with Turkey.

Qanat Meaning

The word “Qanat” has its roots in Persian and is used to describe an ancient underground water system. In different regions, this term may have variations like “Kariz” or “Karez.”

In parts of Iran, Afghanistan, and the Middle East, “Kariz” is more commonly used, while “Qanat” is preferred in western Iran.

The term “Qanat” itself comes from the Persian word “kanat,” which is derived from the verb “kandan,” meaning “to dig” or “to create a channel.”

It is interesting to note that there are more than 27 names used for Qanats in various countries, highlighting the widespread use and adaptability of this creative water system.

Structure of the Persian Qanat

Every Qanat consists of one or more drainage channels, typically measuring around 1 to 1.4 meters in height and 50 to 60 centimeters in diameter.

These channels are accompanied by sturdy walls along their sides. Vertical ventilation shafts, which allow workers to access the Qanat, are connected to the drainage channel and eventually lead to the drainage canal’s end.

The length of the drainage channel can extend to several kilometers. In the late 17th and early 18th centuries, a French-British traveler named “Jean Chardin” wrote about this: “Iranians were not only capable of pinpointing the exact location of water but also had the ability to transport water over distances of up to 60 kilometers or sometimes even more.”

How to Dig a Qanat?

To create a Qanat in Iran, the process typically starts with digging a well or an entrance point. After excavating a certain portion of the entrance, initial shafts, which are essentially dry wells, are dug.

These shafts serve a crucial role not only in removing the debris from the digging process but also in facilitating airflow within the tunnel. Adequate airflow is essential to prevent the risk of suffocation for the workers. These shafts are evenly spaced along the tunnel.

Then, the excavation of the tunnel continues until it reaches the Qanat’s outlet and the mother well. The tunnel’s gradient needs to be just right to ensure that water can flow easily through it towards the entrance.

Therefore, Qanats are often constructed in areas near mountains and foothills, where the natural terrain provides the necessary slope.

The tools and artifacts related to Qanat digging, along with the history of Qanats, can be explored at the historical Khaleh Dooz Museum, also known as the Yazd Water Museum.

The Oldest Qanat in the World

The Qanat-e-Qasabeh in Gonabad, Iran, holds the distinction of being the world’s oldest and, notably, one of the most water-rich Qanats, with a history spanning an impressive 2,500 years.

This remarkable feat of ancient engineering has a depth of 300 meters, making it the deepest mother well on the planet. Along its course, more than 470 ventilation shafts were strategically dug to prevent well blockages for various reasons.

The Qanat-e-Qasabeh follows a winding and intricate path, featuring thousands of tunnels, each dark and enigmatic, showcasing the craftsmanship of the ancient Qanat builders.

Archaeological findings along the Qanat’s route trace its origins back to the Achaemenid era. In the distant past, Gonabad had no other Qanat or well to rely on, and the Qanat-e-Qasabeh stands as the same Kariz that has gifted life and prosperity to this modern city.

The Longest Qanat Iran

The Zarach Qanat in Yazd holds the title of the longest Qanat in Iran, stretching an impressive 120 kilometers and featuring a remarkable 2,115 well rings along its path.

This ancient Qanat, which is over 3,000 years old, was dug 23 meters deep into the earth’s surface and provided a reliable water supply up until about 150 years ago.

However, the extensive well digging along its course has significantly lowered the water levels within the Qanat. Global attention and efforts are now being directed towards revitalizing this historic waterway, which has the potential to once again flourish and serve the community.

The Baladeh Ferdows Qanat

The Qanat of Baladeh Ferdows, located in Ferdows, Iran, dates back to the Sasanian period. Although archaeological discoveries of pottery fragments around the Qanat suggest its history could reach back as far as 2,000 years ago.

This Qanat combines 15 Qanat branches and 4 springs to form a substantial water source. It serves as the lifeblood for villages such as Baghestan Bala and Payin, and Islamieh, rejuvenating 2,382 hectares of agricultural land and 1,800 orchards along its 35-kilometer route.

The Qanat of Baladeh Ferdows plays a crucial role in sustaining the local communities and their agricultural endeavors.

The Hasan Abad Qanat in Mehriz

The Hasan Abad Qanat in Yazd, Iran, belongs to the 8th century AD. What sets this Qanat apart is its shallow digging, and its unique feature is that it does not form gypsum and salt layers along its channel, ensuring that the water maintains its high quality throughout the way.

The water from this Qanat is used for various purposes, including storage in reservoirs, irrigating orchards and agricultural lands, and powering water mills.

Although today, the plentiful water from this Qanat is primarily used for the irrigation of orchards, highlighting its enduring importance in sustaining agriculture and the local fields.

Final Word

Ancient Iran Qanats, with their simple yet effective design, have not only irrigated dry lands but have also nourished the culture and heritage of Iran.

As they continue to provide a lifeline for communities in the country’s desert regions, Qanats also invite curious travelers to explore their depths and learn about the rich history and engineering marvels that lie beneath the surface.

In a world struggling with water scarcity and environmental challenges, Iranian Qanats serve as a timeless reminder that sometimes the solutions to our most pressing problems can be found deep in history.

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