sepandarmazgan

Sepandarmazgan 2024

The Persian culture is full of wonders, from celebrating the New Year’s Nowruz and Rose water ceremonies to religious performances and other dashing rituals performed by the villagers living on the outskirts of the cities. Sepandarmazgan is an ancient Iranian day of women of the Zoroastrian religion dating back to the first Persian Empire around 2500 years ago, that is the Achaemenid Empire.

This celebration is deeply rooted in tradition and love, similar to the famous Valentine’s Day. This occasion, often referred to as “Esfandegan” in Persian, holds a significant place in the hearts of Iranians and those who cherish the rich Persian heritage.

Sepandarmazgan – The Persian Lovers Day

Iranian Lovers Day, or Sepandarmazgan, which is also known as Espandangan or Esfandangan, is a festive day that is similar to Valentine’s Day. However, this Persian celebration has a much older history than Valentine’s Day, and it was regarded as a meaningful day for the ancient Persians because they celebrated Sepandarmazgan to honor women and the earth.

Women also honored this day and wore new clothes and shoes on it. Women who were kind and chaste, righteous and pious, and gave birth to good children were thanked and received gifts from their men.

On the day of the Sepandarmazgan festival, women are exempted from daily and regular work at home and other activities, then, instead of them, men and boys of the family take over their current duties at home.

Things People Do During Sepandarmazgan

People engage in various customs and rituals, such as exchanging gifts and expressing love and gratitude towards mothers, sisters, and female friends. It’s a time for joyous gatherings and spreading positive energy, promoting unity and harmony among communities.

Sepandarmazgan reflects the rich cultural heritage of Iran and shows the importance of love and connection in human relationships.

On such days, Iranians usually buy candies, teddies, and everything shaped like a heart and gift it to each other. Most restaurants and coffee shops are very busy, and you can even see people selling hearted balloons on the streets. Even though there are some restrictions, the sweet feeling of emotion can be felt everywhere as you stroll around the city.

In the past, it was said that the king would give away his summer clothes and replace them with winter clothing, and often people followed the tradition of buying something new to wear.

The Unpopularity of Sepandarmazgan Among Iranians

Over the years, this festival has been quite forgotten by the Iranians, however, through creating a superior culture to the current one in the coming years, it is hoped that the long-standing national and traditional festival of Sepandarmazgan will be revived back to the Persian culture by its people and accepted by them.

Sepandarmazgan History

Although these days, most Iranians celebrate Valentine’s Day as the symbol day of love, ancient ceremonies have been renewed, and many focus on bringing back the rich culture of ancient Persia. This festival is dedicated to love and the bonds between family and friends. Sepandarmazgan has roots in Zoroastrian traditions and is a day to honor women, emphasizing respect and appreciation for their role in society.

Sepandarmazgan date
Sepandarmazgan, An Ancient Persian Celebration

In ancient Iran, in addition to the names of the months, each of the days of the month also had a separate name of itself.

For example, the first day of every month is the day of “Ormazd”, the second day of every month is the day of Bahman (health, thought), which is the first attribute of God, the third day of every month, “Ordibehesht”, which means “the best truth and purity” which is again one of the attributes of God, the name for the fourth day of every month, “Shahrivar”, means (royalty and ideal rulership) a trait of God, and the fifth day of every month was “Sepandarmaz”. Sepandar was the national title of the earth.

“Sepandarmaz” means expanding, holy, and humble. Earth is the symbol of love because it loves everyone with humility, courtesy, and forgiveness.

The Earth looks at the ugly and the beautiful with the same eye and protects everyone like a caring mother in her loving lap. For this reason, in the ancient culture, Sepandarmazgan was considered a symbol of motherhood and fertility.

“Sepandarmazgan” is the day of women and earth. In the historical Persian stories, the deity Spandarmad protected the Earth, and she was a good, chaste, and beneficent wife who loved her husband.

Sepandarmazgan Date of Celebration

In recent years, many Iranians have taken steps to introduce Sepandarmazgan as a national replica of Valentine’s Day, which is celebrated ten days after its Western edition.

This beloved ancient Persian festival is celebrated on the 5th day of the month of Esfand last month of the Iranian calendar, which usually corresponds to February 24th in the Gregorian calendar. This year, Sepandarmazgan 2024 will be on the 24th of February.

What Is The Meaning of Sepandarmazgan?

Sepandarmazgan is derived from two old Persian words: “Sepandar” and “Mazgan.” In this context, “Sepandar” is believed to be related to “Spenta Armaiti,” one of the Amesha Spentas in Zoroastrianism, representing the divine concept of Holy Devotion, Righteousness, and Earth.

“Mazgan” is associated with love and affection. Therefore, Sepandarmazgan can be interpreted as a celebration dedicated to love, devotion, and kindness, with a particular focus on honoring women and expressing appreciation for their roles in family and society.

This ancient festival has cultural and historical significance, reflecting the values of respect, unity, and the importance of interpersonal connections in Persian tradition.

The Persian word “Esfand”: in today’s Persian language, it is derived from the Pahlavi word “Spandarmat” and the Avestan (Old Iranian languages) word “SpentaArmaiti”.

Sepandarmazgan Rituals

Sepandarmazgan is marked by various rituals and customs that emphasize love, respect, and appreciation, particularly directed towards women. Some common rituals associated with Sepandarmazgan include:

Exchanging Gifts: People exchange gifts as a token of love and appreciation. It is common for individuals to give presents to their mothers, sisters, and female friends as a way of expressing gratitude and affection.

Family Gatherings: Families come together to celebrate Sepandarmazgan, sharing a festive meal and enjoying each other’s company. The focus is on strengthening familial bonds and fostering a sense of unity. It is common to set up a sofreh (a cloth on the floor for dining) with traditional items and spend time around it with family.  

Acts of Kindness: Individuals engage in acts of kindness and charity, emphasizing the importance of compassion and benevolence. This can involve helping those in need or contributing to community initiatives.

Persian Love Day
Persian Love Day in Iran

Expressing Love: People take the opportunity to openly express their love and admiration for the women in their lives. This can be through verbal expressions, written notes, or other heartfelt gestures.

Wearing Traditional Attire: Some may choose to wear traditional Persian clothing as a way of connecting with their cultural heritage and adding a festive atmosphere to the celebration.

Decorating Homes: Homes are often adorned with flowers and decorations, creating a joyful and vibrant ambiance. Flowers, in particular, symbolize beauty and are integral to the celebration.

Visiting Elders: It is common for individuals to visit and spend time with elderly family members, showing respect and acknowledging their wisdom and experiences.

Participating in Community Events: Various cultural and community events may take place, including performances, exhibitions, and gatherings that celebrate the spirit of Sepandarmazgan.

These rituals collectively contribute to the festive and positive atmosphere of Sepandarmazgan, reinforcing the values of love, kindness, and familial bonds within the community.

Final Words

So, the next time you come upon the question: What is the most important love festival in Iran? You know it, it’s the glorious day of Sepandarmazgan, the Persian Lovers Day. On this prized day, men give gifts to their wives. The men will have their women of the family on the royal throne and praise them, as well as offer them aesthetic gifts.

This day was a reminder for men to honor their mothers and wives, and because the memory of this celebration lasted for a long time and was celebrated magnificently through generations, men were always reminded of this honor and respect for women. For the lovers out there, who celebrate their love for each other, happy Sepandarmazgan!

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

zavareh iran

Zavareh, Iran (History, Meaning, Mosque, Weather)

A compelling charm that is felt in the air, Isfahan is a charming province tucked away in the center of Iran. Isfahan, a destination rich in history and graced with breathtaking architectural works of art, provides visitors with a singular and unforgettable experience. One of the most historically significant locations in the province of Isfahan is Zavareh Village, which appeals to both history buffs and those who love the outdoors with its serene beauty.

Zavareh City is a historic site with a rich cultural heritage. We will look at Zavareh, Iran, as a distinctive travel destination.

Zavareh Iran

Iran’s Isfahan Province is home to the little town of Zavareh City. The country’s center is where it is located. Zavareh is home to some architectural and cultural treasures and is renowned for its historical significance.

Beautiful natural scenery may also be found in Zavareh, including the neighboring Karkas Mountains. Hiking and exploring the gorgeous surroundings are made possible by these mountains.

Agriculture is the main driver of the town’s economy and farming accounts for a sizable portion of the local workforce. The area is used to raise wheat, barley, and different fruits. Zavareh is renowned for its traditional handicrafts, which include pottery and carpet making.

Zavareh City also includes several Villages that offer beautiful landscapes and cultural significance, such as Sofla and Rigestan. Zavareh Villages are also ideal for learning more about the lifestyle of locals and their traditions.

Zavareh City (Location)

Situated in the Isfahan Province of Iran, Zavareh is a small town with beautiful scenery all around (location on map). There aren’t many hotels or restaurants here, but the ones that do exist are the Zavareh Traditional Guesthouse, which offers a traditional Iranian experience, and the Behesht Hotel, which is reasonably priced.

Both traditional and modern restaurants in Zavareh serve authentic Iranian cuisine, which includes stews, kebabs, and rice dishes. Local cafes and teahouses also offer Persian tea and light snacks.

Zavareh History

Iran’s Zavareh has a rich and interesting past. The town’s history dates back to the Stone Age, and its advantageous location along the Silk Road made it a major hub for trade.

zavareh iran history
Ancient Monuments in Zavareh

Zavareh prospered under many civilizations over the ages, including the Islamic Caliphate, Parthians, Sassanids, and Achaemenids. It was a major player in the Islamic Golden Age, which saw breakthroughs in education, the arts, and sciences.

Several dynasties, especially the Seljuks and Safavids, are evident in the town’s architecture. Its historical significance is reflected in prominent landmarks like the Zavareh Fire Temple and the Jameh Mosque.

Zavareh has more recently felt the effects of modernization and the Islamic Revolution. It still serves as a monument to its rich past today, drawing tourists interested in learning more about Iran’s intriguing past and rich cultural legacy.

Zavareh Meaning

Zavareh has several meanings. The name Zavarahe is a Zoroastrian name that comes from the tales of Ferdowsi and his masterpiece, Shahname. In this book, Zavareh is the name of the brother of Rustam, who is a great hero.

Zavareh’s Meaning can also have other interpretations. According to another interpretation, “Zavareh” signifies “light” or “radiance.” One interpretation of “zavar” in this context is “light” or “shine.” This reading conveys a metaphorical or symbolic sense related to lightness or illumination.

Zavareh Weather

Zavareh has a desert climate with chilly winters and scorching summers. Summertime highs can reach above 40 degrees Celsius, while wintertime daytime highs are often between 5 and 15 degrees Celsius. There is not much rainfall in the town; most of it falls in the winter (Zavareh Weather)

Because of the more comfortable and temperate temperatures in the spring (March to May) and fall (September to November), these are the ideal seasons to visit Zavareh. The weather is pleasant during these seasons for outdoor pursuits and touring the town’s historical monuments.

Travelers should be ready for year-round dry weather and the possibility that they will need to use sunscreen.

What to Visit in Zavareh Iran?

Zavareh City offers a glimpse of the history and natural beauties of Iran. The city has several popular attractions that are ideal for exploring. Kavir Deq-Sorkh is one of the most beautiful deserts in this city and is well-known for its wildlife and picturesque atmosphere.

It is any photographer’s dream. Amir Abad Palace is another favorable landmark that carries histories of old Iran, and its beauty is wonderful. Zavareh is notable for its well-preserved historical houses that reflect traditional Persian architecture.

These homes frequently have distinctive architectural features and lovely courtyards. There are also traditional buildings that are the highlight of the city, so make sure to pay attention to every corner of the Zavareh Iran.

Zavareh Mosque

The historic Zavareh Mosque also called the Jameh Mosque of Zavareh, is situated in the Iranian province of Isfahan in the town of Zavareh.

zavareh mosque
Zavareh Iran Religion

It is a masterwork of architecture that highlights the area’s rich cultural legacy.

Built in the 12th century, the mosque was part of the Seljuk empire. It is noted for its excellent Seljuk-style architecture and elaborate tilework and mudbricks, which is a prominent aspect of Persian Islamic art.

The mosque’s facade is adorned with a magnificent doorway, elaborate tilework, and a tall minaret that gives the building a unique appearance. One of the most noticeable representations of Islamic architecture in the area is the minaret.

Zavareh Facts

Zavareh is a historic town with a history that extends back thousands of years. Numerous civilizations have come and gone from it, including the Islamic Caliphate, the Parthians, the Achaemenids, and the Sassanids.

Zavareh was located along the well-known Silk Road, a historic trading route that linked the East and the West. Due to its position, the town was a popular destination for tourists and traders.

Zavareh is recognized for its spectacular Seljuk-style architecture. One outstanding example is the Jameh Mosque in Zavareh, which has exquisite tilework and exquisite design aspects.

The Zavareh Fire Temple, which is located in the town, is thought to have been a center of Zoroastrian religion during the Sassanid era.

The town is well-known for its historically significant homes that have been preserved to show off traditional Persian architecture and offer an insight into local culture.

Zavareh is surrounded by beautiful scenery, and the Karkas Mountains provide amazing views.

How to Reach?

You have a few alternatives for getting to Zavareh, Iran. Isfahan International Airport, which is roughly 234 kilometers distant, is the nearest major airport. You can take a bus or rent a taxi to get to Zavareh from there.

An alternative is to take the train to Isfahan, from whence you may take a bus or taxi to Zavareh, which would take about three to four hours. Another option to go to Zavareh is via long-distance bus, which departs from places like Tehran and Isfahan. If you’d rather drive, you can rent a vehicle and make sure you drive on the right roads.

zavareh village
Old City of Zavareh

After arriving at Zavareh, you have two options for getting around: take a local cab or go on foot, as the city is relatively small. Zavareh City is a town of local artists and craftsmen who are preserving the old culture of their city. Zavareh Iran is famous for its souvenirs and eatables such as carpets and different forms of bread.

Final Words

Anybody who visits Zavareh, a hidden treasure hidden in central Iran, is sure to come away changed. Zavareh provides a singular window into Iran’s cultural mosaic with its amazing architectural feats, tranquil landscapes, and rich historical background.

The city’s historic mud-brick structures, which are decorated with elaborate patterns, narrate tales from long ago. The gardens and palm groves of Zavareh offer a serene haven away from the busy outside world. One cannot help but be enthralled by Zavareh’s enduring beauty and charm as the sun sets over the desert terrain, bathing the city in a golden glow.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

badrud

Badrud (History, Weather, Location, Photos)

Badrud is one of the historical and pilgrimage cities in Iran, which is strategically located at the geographical center of the country. This charming city, which is located in Isfahan province, is located on the slopes of the Vulture Mountains in the south and on the borders of the central desert of Iran in the north and is like a shining gem in the vast expanse of the central plateau.

This city, which houses historical and pilgrimage places such as the Imamzadeh Agha Ali Abbas and Şehzade Mehmed, descendants of Imam Musa Kazem, has prominent buildings such as the Mahdiq al-Dowleh House, the Raha-gosha House, the Nogheh Bathhouse, and the Matinabad Desert Camp.

Join us to learn more about the charm and appeal of Badrud, this beautiful city, and unveil its rich history and pleasant environment.

Badrud Ancient Village History

Due to its history and unique civilization, the city of Badrud has a significant place among the historical and ancient cities of Iran. Archaeological excavations in the ancient site of ” Siah Boome ” in the village of Arisman Badrud have provided evidence that 6500 years ago, the inhabitants of this area were the first metalworkers in history.

They were pioneers in creating copper smelting furnaces and were engaged in the production of copper vessels and artifacts in this land. The history of the ancient village of Badrud is deeply rooted in the ingenuity of its people and has marked an important chapter in the historical and industrial developments of this region.

Badrud Village Naming

The naming of Badrud is rooted in respect for the four basic elements of life, namely water, wind, earth, and fire, which were important among the people of Iran before the advent of Islam. Among these elements, the wind, which is a symbol of sanctity and respect, caused this land to be named “Badrud,” where “Bad” means wind.

Later, during the time of the Pahlavi rule, the suffix “rud” was added, transforming it into Badrud. Some believe that the ancient Iranians considered the 22nd day of the solar month “Bad” or “Badrouz” and emphasized the sacredness of the wind element. Initially named “Badday,” the city eventually evolved into Badrud over time, reflecting its historical connection to the veneration of the wind element.

Badrud Weather

Badrud has a semi-arid climate characterized by hot summers and cool winters. Located in the heart of the Iranian desert, this city experiences high temperatures during the summer months, often reaching 30°C (86°F). On the other hand, winters are relatively mild, with temperatures dropping to around 5 °C (41 °F).

badrood
Badrud Iran

The area receives limited rainfall, which contributes to the arid nature of the landscape. Dust storms are not uncommon, especially during the dry summer season. Despite the challenging weather conditions, Badrud ‘s unique climate adds to the distinctiveness of its surroundings and makes it a flexible and attractive destination for visitors (Badrud Weather).

Local Dialect of Badroud People

The local dialect spoken by the people of Badrud is known as “Badrudi,” which belongs to the Central Iranian languages and is a branch of the Northwestern Iranian languages.

This language is part of the Kurdish language family. The Badrudi dialect reflects the cultural and linguistic heritage of the region and links it to broader linguistic traditions in central and northwestern Iran.

This local language adds a unique linguistic flavor to the community and showcases the rich history of linguistic diversity in the region.

Badrud People’s Jobs

The main occupation of the people of Badrood is mostly around agriculture and horticulture. Agriculture plays an important role in the local economy, and many residents engage in activities such as growing crops and horticulture.

Agriculture is not only a means of livelihood but also a reflection of the natural resources and climate of the region. In addition to the agricultural sector, there is also a significant presence of industries and services that help the overall economic vitality of the region.

This diverse economic landscape demonstrates the resilience and adaptability of the people of Badrud as they engage in a variety of occupations to sustain their community.

Badrud Pomegranate

Badrud is famous for its exceptional pomegranates, especially the rare variety known as “Anar Nedri Badrud,” one of the four famous varieties of pomegranates in the country. Every year, nearly 70% of the pomegranates produced in this city are exported to foreign countries, which shows the global appeal of Badrud pomegranates.

The establishment of the National Pomegranate Festival in mid-November each year is a great sign of the fame of Badrud’s pomegranates. Badrud, with more than two thousand hectares of pomegranate orchards, annually supplies more than 40 thousand tons of pomegranates to the domestic and international markets.

Badrud Pomegranate
The Famous Pomegranates of Badrud

Among the 184 known pomegranate varieties around the world, four known varieties in Iran are Nederi Badrud Pomegranate, Males Saveh, Shisheh Gop Ferdows, and Robab Neyriz Riz.

Pomegranates from Badrud are categorized based on taste, color, and skin into three types: sweet, sour, and semi-sweet (Mikhoosh).

Badrud Nogheh Bathhouse

The historical bath of Nogheh is a valuable relic of the Safavid Empire era, which is an example of the brilliance of ancient Iranian architecture. This bath, like other traditional Iranian baths, has a changing room or sarbineh, a treasury, a bath area, and a large section which are connected by small ponds.

The floor of the bathroom is six meters below the level of the public street, and a well leads to the bathroom through a bucket and a rope. The sarbineh’s basin is two meters deeper than the bathhouse floor, and the treasury is positioned accordingly. This height difference facilitates the simultaneous filling and emptying of all pools.

The different parts of the bathroom, including the dressing room and interior spaces, are connected by water channels made of ceramic materials and connected by small basins.

This innovative system ensures access to hot water throughout the bathroom, and at the same time, the circulation of hot water through these channels heats the bathroom floor.

Adineh Badrud Isfahan

The mosque or shrine of Adineh Badrud has a rich history dating back to ancient times and was one of the religious temples and sanctuaries of the region.

According to archaeologists and historians of the Sassanid period, this building has traces of Mithraic worship, and contains elements of Anahita and Sun worship, and displays unique aspects of the Adineh Mosque.

The word “Adineh” originates from the ancient Zoroastrian language of ancient Iran and was later applied to this ancient building. After the advent of Islam in Iran, this building became a mosque with simple adobe mihrabs with modest decorations.

The evolution of the Adineh Mosque reflects the cultural and religious transitions that have shaped the architectural heritage of Badrud over the centuries.

Badrud Location

To reach Badrud, you can travel about 130 km on the Isfahan-Kashan highway from Isfahan. From Tehran, this trip includes a distance of 280 kilometers on the Tehran-Qom-Kashan highway, where Badrud is located 60 kilometers after Kashan (Location on map).

Badrud Iran
Historical Bath of Nogheh

If you approach from the south, the Yazd route leads through Nain-Ardistan for approximately 300 km along the Yazd-Tehran highway to Badrud on the side of the highway.

In addition, the national railway passes through this city, making Badrud one of the most important rail links in the country. Its strategic location and accessibility help Badrud ‘s importance as a key transportation hub in Iran.

Final Word

Badrud is a city steeped in history and cultural importance, known for its ancient roots and unique contributions to Iran’s heritage. From its exceptional pomegranates to the Adineh Mosque, every aspect of Badrud shows the resistance and rich tapestry of this region.

The historical village of the city, its local dialect, and the occupation of the people in agriculture further show Badrud’s deep connection with its past and its various aspects today. As a transportation hub, its strategic location and accessibility have made it a central point in the heart of Iran.

Badrud truly emerges as an enticing destination, inviting visitors to discover the charm and uniqueness of this outstanding city.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

Shazdeh Garden

Shazdeh Garden (Photos, Water Source, Reviews)

One of the largest and most eye-catching cities in Iran is the beautiful city of Mahan in Kerman, situated in the southeast of Iran. Inside the heart of Kerman city is an old lush garden brimming with tall bushy trees belonging to hundreds of years back in history. The magnificent Shazdeh Garden of Kerman is a popular tourist attraction visited by thousands annually and is recognized as the mother of all gardens in both Iran and the world. Here, we will provide you with full information about the elegant Shazdeh Mahan Garden of Kerman.

About Shazdeh Garden Mahan

Shazdeh Garden is a fertile garden set up in a desert in Mahan city in the Kerman Province and is considered as one of the nine Iranian and world-famous gardens. In 2013, Shazdeh Garden was registered as the mother of Iranian gardens. In addition, this grand garden was marked on the World Heritage List of UNESCO.

With the city’s pleasant climate, the trees have grown massively with the full care of the local gardeners. Shazdeh Garden is represented as a green gem of Iran, and with the garden erected in the middle of a desert, it makes it stand out and shine brightly like an emerald from afar.

The title of the garden, Shazdeh, translates to Prince in Persian, which is derived from Prince Abdul Hamid Mizra Naser al-Doulah Farmanfarmayan name, who was the grandson of Naser al-Din Shah, who completed the construction of the large garden in Kerman.

Once you walk inside the Shazdeh Garden, you will forget about the outside of this garden, which is a large arid desert of Kerman. The towering trees and ponds full of fresh water with roaring fountains whose streams stretch to the end of the garden will leave you in awe. It is as though you are stepping inside another world with a whole new atmosphere.

Shazdeh Garden History

This historical and green garden is a memory from the Qajar Dynasty, and Mohammad Hasan Khan, Sardar of Irwani, and the ruler of Kerman, ordered its construction. The garden was in the middle of the Bam-Kerman Road, which was a part of the Silk Road of Iran in the past, and this contributed to the prosperity of this city in the old days at the time. Then, the next ruler, Abdul Hamid Mizra Nasir al-Douleh, completed the construction. Between 1919 and 1930, buildings were constructed inside the garden, which then finalized the entire complex.

Shazdeh Garden Iran Architecture

Shahzad Garden Mahan is one of the full-fledged Iranian gardens, as well as being one of the best sloping gardens in the world. The most outstanding characteristic of such sloping gardens is the unique and spectacular display of water flowing downwards in the form of stairs on horizontal and vertical platforms.

Shazdeh Garden Mahan
Shazdeh Garden Mahan Architecture

The size of this rectangular garden is about 5.5 hectares, which is 407 meters long and 122 meters wide. The garden includes the entrance gate, bathrooms, a mansion, a water supply network, and ponds, which are surrounded by a high fence of trees.

When you first enter the Shazdeh Garden, you will come upon a beautiful two-story entrance that allows you to see the interior and green space of the garden. On the upper floor of the main entrance, some rooms were used for residential purposes, together with a guest room on the upper floor of the main hall. Several sub-entrances are also built along the length of the garden for easier access to the interior part of the garden. After passing through this area, you will then enter the interior of the Shazdeh Garden.

The garden’s stepped surface embraces waterfalls, fountains, and two pools of water surrounded by tall trees on two sides of the garden. The water stream that flows in this place enters from the top of the garden.

At the end of the garden, there is a mansion with an attic, which is 235 meters away from the main entrance. This mansion has an area of ​​487 square meters and was a place for the residence of the owner of the garden and welcoming guests and outsiders.

The mansion is currently a restaurant for visitors. Behind this mansion was a small garden with fruit trees, which was a private garden for the residents.

Some visitors who sightsee the garden may ask why do some areas with ornamentations seem incomplete. This is due to the death of Prince Abdul Hamid Mizra Naser, which caused the workers to leave some areas undone and abandon the project. One of these incomplete parts is the empty space between the tiles that still protrudes from the entrance door.

Shazdeh Garden Water Source

How does Shazdeh Garden get water? The greenness and irrigation of this garden in the middle of the desert may look impossible, but the lush Shazdeh Garden Kerman is actually by the waters of an aqueduct and the river that is supplied by the nearby Chopar Mountains.

Due to the unique architecture of the garden, the water descends through the gutters, creating a pleasant stream flowing near the tall trees to the very end of the garden. The water stream continues its path and pours into a nearby village.

Best Time to Visit Shazdeh Garden Mahan

Due to Iran’s four seasonal climates, the Shazdeh Garden Mahan can be visited throughout the year since each season bears its own grandeur. In spring and summer, the garden is very abundant and green with a fresh blue sky and warm weather. During autumn, the leaves of the trees turn yellow and orange, which changes the aura of the garden into an enchanted forest.

Shazdeh Garden Mahan
Shazdeh Mahan Photos

At last, during winter or the cold season, the tall trees and the surface of the garden will be covered in white snow, which will be a new experience even for visitors who have visited the garden in a different season. Taking pictures in all four seasons has its own charm, and you can add these shots to your Shazdeh Garden photo album.

Shazdeh Garden Reviews

Every year, hundreds of people, or even thousands, visit this wonderful garden of Iran. Some of the visitors have written such positive and impressive reviews. They include their thoughts on encountering the magnificence of Persian architecture as well as the remarkable ornamentations on the walls and ceilings of the monument. Not to forget the praise for the Persian cuisine in the Shazdeh Garden Restaurant.

Shazdeh Garden in Iran Mall

Inside the largest Shopping Center in Iran and the world is the smaller Replica of Shazdeh Garden. Iran Mall is not only for shopping but also a place for revisiting the national gems of Iran, such as the splendid Shazdeh Garden of Kerman Province. The Mahan Garden in Iran Mall holds towering trees similar to the original garden with a sloping architecture where the water pours down the stairs by the two sides of the rows of trees.

The roof is made of large glass, which provides enough sunlight for the plants to grow. A small coffee shop is also located by the end of the garden, where visitors can sit by the water stream and enjoy the scenic view of the Shazdeh Mahan garden.

Shazdeh Garden Entrance Fee

Visiting hours: 9 A.M. to 8 P.M

Entrance Fee for Foreigners: 150,000 Iranian Rials

Final Words

Being one of the largest and most popular gardens in Iran, the Shazdeh Garden of Mahan City in Kerman is a must-go for travelers who cherish sightseeing historical monuments as well as tasting the Persian dishes, and, most importantly, strolling around this magnificent garden that shines like a gem amidst the desert dunes of Kerman.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

Iranian Ground Jay

Iranian Ground Jay: Photos, Location, Weight, Sound

Because of its diverse topography and climate, Iran is home to various plant and animal species. There are about 8,000 plant species in the nation, including rare and indigenous kinds. Large tracts of forest sustain a variety of plant life, including pistachio, oak, and walnut trees. With more than 500 different types of birds, including the magnificent Iranian cheetah, which is critically endangered and unique to Iran, the country’s animal world is similarly astounding. Other noteworthy wildlife is Pleske’s or Iranian ground jay, also called Zagh-e-Boor.

Persian Ground Jay

Only found in Iran, the Persian ground jay (Podoces pleskei) is a distinctive and fascinating bird species. Its remarkable activity and looks have made it a representative of Iran’s rich bird life. Its most recognizable features are the unique black and white plumage, crested head, and long tail of the Persian ground jay.

It favors dry, rocky environments where it forages on the ground for small reptiles, insects, and seeds. The captivating behavior of the Persian ground jay, which frequently exhibits curiosity and intelligence, is well-known.

The vocalizations of the Persian ground jay are well-known, encompassing a variety of cries and melodic notes. It defends its area and communicates within its social group using these vocalizations.

The Iranian ground jay is a unique-looking, medium-sized bird. It is around 30 centimeters (12 inches) long with a sturdy body.

Iranian Ground Jay Sound

The mesmerizing Iranian ground jay adds a soul-stirring melody to the country’s parched surroundings. The sound of this majestic bird’s melodic calls fills the air as the first rays of sunlight touch the huge expanse of golden desert.

Its voice, a tapestry of complex notes, reverberates through the desolate dunes, creating a mesmerizing song. Like a brushstroke on a canvas, each tone creates a distinct image of the parched landscape.

The song of the jay captures the essence of the desert, its wild spirit, and its unadulterated beauty. You will be taken to a place where time has stopped when you close your eyes and listen.

The call of the Iranian ground jay starts with a soft trill, like the sound of a breeze whispering through the secrets of the desert. It bears the weight of old stories and echoes the knowledge of earlier generations.

Endemic Bird of Iran

Iran’s rich cultural and historical legacy has a special place for the Iranian Ground Jay (Podoces pleskei). The Iranian Ground Jay is frequently linked to stories of adaptability and resiliency in Iranian folklore despite its cultural significance not being as well-known as that of some other famous animals.

Its capacity to flourish in hostile desert conditions is a symbol of the Iranian people’s tenacity and fortitude in the face of hardship. One can take inspiration from the bird’s perseverance in locating food and water in arid environments to overcome obstacles and make the most of scarce resources.

Persian Ground Jay
Iranian Ground Jay Photos

The Iranian Ground Jay’s historical significance is further evidenced by its inclusion in the nation’s folklore and cultural traditions.

Iran’s history dates back thousands of years, and the bird’s presence in the area serves as a reminder of the deep ties that have long existed between the people who live there and the land. It represents the nation’s distinctive biodiversity and the necessity of preserving and safeguarding its natural assets.

Persian Ground Jay Baby

The bird known as the Iranian Ground Jay has unique morphological traits. When they are young, their wings are striped in black and white, and their coloring is brown. They feature sleek, pointed beaks, glossy, beady eyes, and stick-like legs that help with balance.

They have short fur all over their body that gives them a fluffy appearance. The Iranian Ground Jay’s attractiveness and aesthetic appeal are enhanced by these distinctive qualities.

Usually, Iranian Ground Jays breed around April and June. They build cup-shaped nests, frequently concealed in low-lying shrubs or vegetation, out of twigs, grass, and other plant materials.

The female incubates a clutch of three to five eggs for eighteen to twenty days. The hatchlings are being cared for by both parents. They alternate in providing the nestlings with food and egg incubation.

Following hatching, the parents feed their young by spitting forth food, which includes seeds, insects, and other invertebrates. Although the longevity of Iranian Ground Jays in the wild is unknown, similar species of the genus Podoces are known to live for five to eight years. A child usually reaches sexual maturity at the age of one year.

Persian Ground Jay Weight

The average weight of an adult Iranian Ground Jay (Podoces pleskei) is approximately 70 to 80 grams (2.5 to 2.8 ounces).

Where Can Persian Ground Jay be Found?

Podoces pleskei, the Iranian Ground Jay, is endemic to Iran, which means it can only be found inside its boundaries. The Iranian Ground Jay is distributed throughout the country, although it is more common in the semi-arid and dry regions of the east and central regions.

Ground Jay Bird
Photos of Persian Ground Jay

This covers hilly regions like the Zagros Mountains as well as desert areas like the Kavir desert and Lut desert. Because of their excellent adaptations, these birds can thrive in arid desert conditions, where they nest among low vegetation or shrubs and graze on the ground for insects and seeds.

Semnan Province, Isfahan Province, Tehran Province, Yazd Province, Khorasan Razavi Province, South Khorasan Province, Kerman Province, Fars Province, Sistan-Baluchestan Province, and Golestan Province are other locations where Persian Ground Jay can be found.

Threats to Persian Ground Jay

There are many hazards to the Persian Ground Jay (Podoces pleskei) in its natural habitat in Iran. The species is seriously at risk from habitat loss and degradation brought on by infrastructural development, urbanization, and agriculture.

Its dependence on desert environments is disrupted by climate change and changing precipitation patterns, which has an impact on the availability of food and water. Its habitat is further deteriorated by overgrazing, desertification, and poor land management techniques.

The behavior and nesting activities of birds are disrupted by human disturbances resulting from tourist and recreational activities. Wild populations are also endangered by the illicit trafficking in and capture of animals for the pet industry.

Campaigns for public awareness, community involvement, protected area creation, and habitat restoration should be the main focuses of conservation initiatives.

Final Words

Iran is a birdwatcher’s dream come true, home to more than 500 different species of birds. Iran’s avian diversity is astounding, ranging from stately raptors like the endangered Imperial Eagle to vibrant migratory birds like the European Bee-eater or Endemic bird of Iran, the Persian Ground Jay.

Iran’s bird population has to be protected for several reasons. By managing insect populations and pollinating plants, a variety of bird species support ecosystems. They also represent the general health of habitats and act as indicators of environmental health.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

Mirage in Desert

What is Mirage in Desert (Meaning, Types, Info)

The desert is an incredible and captivating location with many wonders that capture the imagination. There are many wonders and amazements found in the desert, and each one is unique. The mirage is among the most fascinating desert phenomena.

When light is bent or refracted as it travels through layers of air with varying temperatures, there might be water, an item, or even a complete landscape when none exists. This phenomenon is known as a mirage. In this article, we will know what is a mirage and why it happens. 

What is a Mirage?

An optical illusion known as a mirage is created when light is bent or refracted as it travels across layers of heated air. Because of this bending of light, seemingly nonexistent objects, landscapes, or bodies of water can be seen. Though they can happen in other settings as well, mirages are most frequently seen in deserts or other hot, dry places.

The most common kind of mirage is called a “water mirage,” where a shimmering pool of water appears on the horizon, giving the impression that there is water nearby. Intriguing as well as misleading, mirages can fool tourists into believing they are viewing far-off objects or bodies of water because they can seem so authentic.

Our knowledge of light behavior and the intricate interactions between atmospheric conditions has improved as a result of research on mirages.

Mirage in the Desert Meaning

The phrase “mirage in the desert” refers to the phenomena of mirages that occur in arid and desert areas. The sight of a mirage can generate feelings of hope and relief since the illusion of water offers the potential for nutrition and relief from the arid surroundings.

A mirage is frequently used in literature as a metaphor to communicate deeper ideas and topics. It reflects an illusory or deceptive impression, a mistaken belief or hope, or the elusive quality of desire. It represents the idea that things are not always as they appear and that our perceptions might be twisted or misdirected.

In literature, a mirage can be used to explore topics such as following unreachable aspirations, the futility of chasing illusions, or the perils of being misled by appearances. It can function as a cautionary symbol, warning against the tempting pull of false promises or human mind deceptions.

Mirage in the Desert Explained

Mirages emerge in the desert because of atmospheric refraction, which occurs when light bends as it passes through different temperature air layers.

mirage in desert explanation
Mirage in Desert

The heated surface of the desert heats the air near the ground, resulting in a temperature gradient. This causes light from distant objects to refract, resulting in mirages.

When heated air near the ground causes objects to look taller or float above their true position, this is referred to as a superior mirage. When cooler air near the ground causes objects to appear lower than they are, an inferior mirage occurs.

The illusion of water in the desert is called a Mirage, or the illusion of floating objects in the desert is created by these optical illusions. Mirages require a strong temperature differential, good visibility, and calm weather.

Types of Mirages

Mirages come in a variety of shapes and sizes, and each one is a one-of-a-kind natural wonder.

Superior mirages, in which objects appear elevated or inverted due to temperature inversions; inferior mirages, in which objects appear floating above the true horizon, Fata Morgana mirages, complex and distorted mirages caused by multiple layers of temperature gradients.

There are haze mirages, in which images shimmer and blur due to warm air above cooler surfaces; and mock mirages, in which objects appear higher than they are.

Mirages are common in arid or hot areas, with the water mirage being the most well-known example, where the illusion of water appears on the horizon.

Why Mirage in Desert Illusion Happen?

The temperature gradient near the ground is the fundamental cause of the Mirage in the desert illusion. The sun heats the sand and the air close above it during the day, creating a layer of hot air near the surface.

The temperature of the air gradually declines as you go higher above the ground. When light passes through differing temperature air layers, its speed and direction change, resulting in refraction.

In the case of a desert mirage, the temperature differential causes light rays to bend as they pass through varying densities of air layers.

How Many Mirages One Can See?

The number of mirages that can be seen is determined by a variety of factors, including the observer’s location and the precise environmental circumstances. Multiple mirages are achievable in a desert setting with adequate conditions.

Mirage visibility can also be affected by the time of day. Mirages are most common during the hottest sections of the day when the temperature gradient near the ground is the greatest. Mirages become more likely to appear as the temperature rises.

Real Mirage in Desert Facts

Optical Illusion: Mirages are optical illusions that create the appearance of water or objects where they do not exist.

Types of Mirages: The two main types of mirages observed in deserts are inferior mirages and superior mirages. Inferior mirages are more common.

Shimmering Effect: Mirages often produce a shimmering or wavy effect, commonly referred to as “heat haze” or “desert shimmer.”

mirage in desert meaning
Desert Mirage Photos

Distorted Objects: Mirages can cause distant objects, such as dunes or mountains, to appear distorted, elongated, or elevated.

Illusion of Water: One of the most well-known aspects of desert mirages is the illusion of water, often referred to as “mirage lakes.”

Temporal Nature: Mirages are transient, appearing and disappearing quickly. They are quite sensitive to the precise atmospheric conditions.

Artistic and Cultural Depictions: Mirages in the desert have always fascinated artists, and they have frequently been depicted in literature, paintings, and other forms of art.

Scientific Study: Mirages have been extensively investigated by scientists and researchers to better understand the physics of light and air refraction.

Mirages and the Human Mind

The link between the human mind and desert mirages is found in our observation and interpretation of optical illusions. Our minds process the visual cues offered by mirages, and our prior experiences and expectations influence how we interpret them.

Cognitive biases and cultural influences both influence our interpretation. Aesthetic and emotional reactions to the surreal quality of mirages can also influence our thinking.

Final Words

In summary, the desert offers a variety of mesmerizing wonders that are equally varied. The desert presents a tapestry of wonders, from the captivating mirages that deceive our eyes into thinking they are seeing water or other landscapes to the charming oasis that offers a haven of life in the middle of the desert.

The mysticism and fascination of the desert are enhanced by these natural phenomena as well as by the towering dunes, magnificent rock formations, breathtaking canyons, and the quiet majesty of the night sky.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

Sand Cat

Sand Cat: Location, Size, Lifespan, Habitat, Diet

Seeing cats in urban areas, as domestic pets in homes, and even wilder species in forests and mountains is considered a common occurrence. However, among all cats, one species lives in the driest and hottest deserts in the world. This animal, known as the Sand Cat, is one of the rarest of its kind.

The Sand Cat is more similar to African Sand Cats, and there is a belief that these animals are ancestors of modern domestic cats. In the following article, more information about the Sand Cat has been gathered, making it a fascinating and interesting subject. So, join us until the end of the article to get more interesting insights.

Sand Cat Habitat

Before searching for the countries and regions where Sand Cats are found, it is better to highlight the environments in which these predatory animals grow. Generally, Sand Cats inhabit deserts, dry landscapes, and areas with minimal vegetation cover.

They are often found in dry and hot plains and rocky valleys, where daytime temperatures can rise to 51 degrees Celsius (124 degrees Fahrenheit) and drop below freezing at night, making living conditions inhospitable for most mammals.

Sand Cats mainly live in three regions of the world, namely:

1. From the expanse of the Maghreb region, including Algeria, Niger, and Morocco, to the Sahara Desert.

2. In the Arabian Peninsula.

3. Parts of Central Asia, including countries such as Iran, Afghanistan, and Turkmenistan.

Sand Cat Location in Iran

This cat is found in several protected areas across Iran, including the Lut Desert National Park in the southern regions of the Lut Desert in Kerman Province, the Samsoor Plain in the Iranshahr County, the Doshakh Range in the Turan Protected Area in Semnan Province, the Bakhtegan Wildlife Refuge, the Bahram Gur Protected Area, and the hunting-prohibited region of Dahan-e Bagh-e Bavanat in Fars Province.

Sand Cat Photos
Sand Cat Kitten

It also lives in the western part of the Abbasabad Wildlife Refuge and the Motteh Protected Area in Isfahan. Also, sightings of this cat have been reported in the Turkmen Sahra plain and northern regions of Khorasan Razavi.

Sand Cat Size

The Sand Cat, with the scientific name Felis margarita, is the only known species within the genus of sand cats that permanently resides in deserts and arid regions. In terms of body size, sand cats are slightly larger than domestic cats, and their weight is between 1.5 to 4.6 kilograms and a body length of 39 to 52 centimeters.

The color of sand cats is a brownish gray (pale), and this color spectrum becomes lighter as you get closer to the cat’s belly. Other distinctive physical features include small feet and paws, large eyes, black or bold stripes often on the feet, and relatively large and fluffy ears compared to normal cats.

How Rare Is a Sand Cat?

According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), it can be said that these small cats are currently at the lowest risk of extinction. Currently, the population of Sand Cats amounts to around 27,000 individuals. However, this does not guarantee the absolute sustainability of their existence in the long term.

Thanks to instinctive characteristics such as digging burrows and staying out of sight, a nocturnal lifestyle, and adaptability to desert environments, these mammals have established a suitable coexistence with the natural world. However, two significant threats endanger their lives.

Foremost among these are human-induced factors such as hunting and environmental destruction, and secondly, Sand Cats are subject to injury and poisoning by animals like snakes and scorpions.

As a result, Sand Cats are considered a rare species within their genus, and their trade and domestication are not common. In a 2018 auction of sandcats, their prices started at $7,000, making them one of the most expensive felids in the world in terms of value.

Sand Cat Diet

Sand Cats are carnivores. These animals mainly hunt at night and use the primary method of digging and ambushing. Their exceptional sense of hearing enables them to easily identify the position of their prey. Their main food source is desert rodents, primarily comprising three species. Among other animals hunted by Sand Cats are gerbils and birds.

Sand Cat Iran
Sand Cats Facts

It is worth mentioning that Sand Cats also hunt snakes. They deliver a fatal blow to the snake’s head and then drag it down with a quick movement. Interestingly, Sand Cats bury larger prey among the shifting sands, returning to them later for consumption.

Sand Cat Facts

The Sand Cat is a nocturnal and solitary species that leads an individualistic lifestyle. Unlike other cats, this beautiful feline is remarkably calm and quiet; however, if you hear their sounds, you will be surprised.

Since Sand Cats do not tend to live in groups, during mating seasons, they produce sounds that resemble a combination of a dog’s bark and a cat’s meow, making a very loud and distinctive sound.

The gestation period for Sand Cats lasts approximately 59 to 67 days, and a mother cat can give birth to 1 to 8 kittens in each reproductive cycle, with the most common being a litter of 2 kittens. The weight of the kittens at birth is 39 grams, and they become independent after 8 months. They reach sexual maturity around 14 months of age.

Can Sand Cat be a Pet?

While the sand cat might seem cute and exotic, it is not suitable as a pet for most people. Sand Cats are wild animals with specific needs and behaviors adapted to their natural desert habitat. Keeping them as pets requires expertise in handling wild animals, and in many places, it may be illegal to own them without proper permits.

Additionally, their nocturnal and solitary nature, along with their specialized diet and unique environmental requirements, makes them challenging to care for in a domestic setting. Conservation efforts and protection of their natural habitat are crucial for the well-being of sand cats, and they are better suited to growing up in the wild rather than as pets.

What Is Special About Sand Cats?

Sand Cats can survive for long periods without drinking water, which is a remarkable adaptation to their desert habitat. While all members of the cat family have strong hearing, sand cats stand out with even stronger hearing senses compared to other feline species. They have a special interest in hunting poisonous snakes.

The main prey for these unique felines includes venomous snakes, canids like foxes, and large birds. Where water is not readily available, sand cats obtain the required moisture from the prey they consume. This distinct ability to thrive in dry conditions and their specialized hunting preferences make sand cats truly exceptional members of the feline family.

Are Sand Cats Dangerous?

Sand Cats, while wild and with natural hunting instincts, are not generally considered dangerous to humans. These small wild cats are elusive and tend to avoid human contact. They are more likely to retreat and hide rather than confront people.

Sand Cat Location
Sand Cat in Iran

However, it is important to note that they are wild animals, and if feel threatened, they can react defensively. If encountered in the wild, it is best to observe them from a distance and not attempt to approach or interact with them.

Sand Cat Lifespan

The lifespan of sand cats in the wild is relatively short, usually between 7 and 10 years. Various factors, including environmental conditions, availability of prey, and natural predators can affect their lifespan.

Sand Cats in captivity, where they are protected from many of the challenges they face in the wild, may live longer, with some reaching 13 years or more under the right care and conditions.

Final Word

With its unique adaptation to desert life, the sand cat is a remarkable and mysterious member of the feline family. Thriving in the harsh conditions of arid landscapes, these small wild cats display extraordinary characteristics, from their nocturnal hunting habits and acute sense of hearing to their ability to survive long periods without water.

As we marvel at the unique characteristics of sand cats, let us also understand the need to ensure their continued survival in the ever-changing desert landscapes of our planet.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

Desert Oasis

What Is an Oasis in a Desert?

Desert is a natural wonder that captivates visitors with its wide and quiet landscapes, distinctive geological formations, and magnificent sunrises and sunsets. Its beautiful night sky, free of light pollution, provides exceptional astronomy opportunities. Adapted flora and wildlife flourish in this harsh climate.

The breathtaking landscapes with their ever-changing patterns and towering dunes, inspire wonder. Desert exposes its profound beauty in the stillness, allowing for a greater connection with nature. Oasis in desert is another significant natural wonder that brings amazement to the mind. Let’s learn more about Oasis in Desert.

What is an Oasis in the Desert?

A desert oasis is a tiny region or place inside a desert environment where water exists, resulting in a distinct and productive ecology. It is a refuge of life and flora amid parched and desolate terrain.

Oases are usually generated by subsurface water sources, such as springs or aquifers, rising to the surface and forming pools, streams, or even tiny lakes. Water enables the creation of luxuriant flora, such as palm trees, bushes, and other plants, which attract a diversity of fauna.

Oasis in the Desert Real

A desert oasis is a rare phenomenon that provides a haven for life in an otherwise harsh and desolate area. It is distinguished by the presence of life-giving water, which nourishes lush flora and a broad range of fauna. They have also served as spiritual retreats and places of introspection.

As trade sites, oases have economic importance as well as historical and cultural significance. Oases, on the other hand, are vulnerable ecosystems that require conservation efforts to preserve their delicate equilibrium. The presence of the oasis emphasizes the endurance of life and the beauty that may develop in hostile settings.

The preservation of these oases is critical for preserving their ecological integrity and ensuring that future generations can appreciate their beauty. The oasis serves as a reminder of the interconnectedness of ecosystems, the significance of water, and nature’s and people’s capacity to adapt to difficult conditions.

Oasis in Desert Meaning

A desert oasis can have several meanings. It represents nature’s capacity to flourish in difficult situations by symbolizing life and vigor amid a hostile environment. It symbolizes hope and acts as a shelter or sanctuary, providing consolation and regeneration to weary travelers.

Oasis in desert
Shazde Mahan Garden in Kerman

The oasis also represents the close relationship between humanity and the natural world, underlining the need to protect delicate ecosystems and vital resources such as water. Oases have played an important role in human settlement, commerce, and civilization development, expressing the legacy and customs of the cultures that have inhabited them.

Furthermore, an oasis can have a metaphorical connotation within oneself, reflecting inner calm and harmony amid life’s difficulties. Overall, Oasis in the Desert can have various metaphorical implications that include life, hope, connection, history, and personal well-being.

How are Oasis formed in the desert?

Desert oasis formation is caused by a mix of geological and hydrological processes. They are most commonly formed by subterranean water sources such as aquifers or springs. Water percolates through permeable rock strata until it reaches an impenetrable layer, at which point it rises to the surface and forms an oasis.

Tectonic activity and faults can also help to generate oases by allowing water to reach the surface. Human action, such as digging, can generate localized oases where water is accessible for cultivation and settlement in some situations.

The presence of water in an oasis promotes the growth of flora and attracts wildlife. They are dynamic habitats that can fluctuate in size and location over time as water supply and geological processes change.

How many Oases in the Desert

Oases can range from small, isolated pockets of water and plants to huge, linked systems. Oases can also emerge and dissipate over time owing to changes in water supply and geological conditions. It is believed that there are thousands of oases distributed over various deserts across the world.

Some well-known examples are the Siwa Oasis in Egypt, the Bahariya Oasis in Egypt’s Western Desert, the Al-Hasa Oasis in Saudi Arabia, the Timia Oasis in Niger, and the Tozeur Oasis in Tunisia. These are only a few of the countless oases located across the world’s deserts.

Oasis in Desert Facts

Within the surrounding desert, oases generate distinct microclimates. Water and vegetation may drastically reduce temperatures and boost humidity, presenting a sharp contrast to the parched environment just a short distance away.

Many oases include palm trees as a defining characteristic. These trees not only give shade, but they also produce vital resources such as dates, which have long been a staple meal in arid regions.

Water flowing through the oasis delivers minerals to the soil, enriching it and making it productive for agriculture. This enables oasis people to develop crops and earn a living in an otherwise hostile environment.

what is an oasis
An Oasis in Desert

In arid areas, oases serve as essential animal refuges. They attract a wide variety of wildlife, including migrating birds, reptiles, and animals that rely on the oasis for water, food, and shelter.

Traditional oasis communities may have different building styles. Natural cooling is provided by characteristics such as narrow streets, wind towers, and courtyards that optimize shade and air movement.

Oases are well-known for their beautiful gardens, which feature a wide range of plants and flowers. These gardens are meticulously tended, with ancient irrigation techniques like qanats or falaj used to efficiently distribute water.

Plant and animal species found nowhere else in the world can call oases home. Over time, these indigenous species have adapted to the unique circumstances of the oasis ecosystem.

Oases are not static entities. They can shift in size and location over time due to factors such as changes in water availability, climate variations, and human intervention.

Oasis in Desert, A Tourism Attraction

Oases have become famous cultural tourist attractions. Ecotourism options are offered in oases, allowing tourists to observe varied ecosystems and engage in environmental exploration. An oasis in the desert can be a natural wonder, and visiting an oasis is highly recommended for those who want to experience adventure tourism activities.

Visitors can embark on camel treks, 4×4 desert safaris, or hiking expeditions to explore the surrounding desert landscapes.

Final Words

The natural splendor of the oasis, with its lush flora and glittering water bodies, stands in stark contrast to the parched desert surroundings. It offers a break from routine and a trip into another universe.

We may learn about the cultural and historical significance of the oasis while also connecting with nature’s resilience. An oasis in the desert is a peaceful location and provides opportunities for personal contemplation and growth.

Finally, viewing an oasis amid the desert is a transforming experience that provides a tremendous respect for the natural world’s beauty.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

Marquetry

What is Marquetry? (History, Design, Tools)

Marquetry is a centuries-old art form that embodies the subtle blending of artistic expression on a metal or wood surface. Skilled artists produce beautiful designs and complex patterns that adorn furniture, musical instruments, and decorative objects by carefully arranging layers on wood.

The French verb “marqueter,” which means “to variegate,” is where the word “marquetry” originates from, referring to the art form’s capacity to enliven surfaces with a vibrant tapestry of colors, grains, and textures.

Marquetry is also one of the oldest art forms in Iran that has been passed on from generation to generation. Let’s learn more.

What Is Marquetry?

To create complex patterns and motifs, thin wood veneers are arranged in a decorative woodworking process called marquetry. It sprang from ancient cultures and became well-known in the Renaissance.

Veneers are expertly chosen and cut by artisans who take texture, color, and grain into account. After that, the components are adhered to a foundation material to produce shading and depth.

Marquetry has been used to adorn cabinets, furniture, and artwork. It calls for dexterity, accuracy, and a thorough grasp of wood.

It is still done today by talented craftspeople all around the world, and it is valued for its artistry and beauty. Marquetry works are prized for their fine features exhibited in museums.

Beautiful pieces of art are created through a meticulous process that mixes artistic expression with the natural beauty of wood.

Khatam Kari

Khatamkari, also known as Persian marquetry, is the oldest traditional art form in Iran, where wooden or metallic objects are decorated with pieces of wood, bone, and metal in various shapes and designs.

Khatam Kari
Khatam Kari Iran

This intricate craft involves the use of materials such as gold, silver, brass, and twisted wire. The designs are created by assembling thin sticks of wood, brass, and camel bones into triangular beams, which are then glued together to form geometrical motifs.

Khatamkari has a long history in Iran, with examples found in historical mosques, palaces, and buildings. Today, this art is still practiced in cities like Isfahan, Shiraz, and Tehran.

Persian Marquetry

Iran is the birthplace of Persian marquetry, a unique style of marquetry. It displays the exquisite craftsmanship and rich artistic legacy of Persian culture.

Persian marquetry is a tribute to the creative tradition of the nation, distinguished by its elaborate geometric patterns, floral themes, and scenarios derived from Persian literature and mythology.

Expert craftsmen place wood veneers in captivating patterns by carefully choosing and assembling them. The pieces gain depth and grandeur via the use of priceless materials like mother-of-pearl, brass, camel bone, and wood.

Persian marquetry is well known for its fine craftsmanship, meticulous attention to detail, and blending of art and culture. It is still loved and practiced all around the world, keeping ancient methods alive and encouraging modern artists to explore new avenues for this enthralling medium.

Persian Marquetry History

Iran has a long history of Persian marquetry, which reached its peak under the Safavid dynasty (1501–1736) and is still going strong. Influenced by Islamic themes, cultural customs, and Persian art.

This artistic medium has been incorporated into furniture, décor, and architectural aspects. The Qajar era is notable for the development of the Khatam Kari technique, which involves exact inlay work using materials including wood, brass, and bone.

Marquetry designs
Persian Marquetry, A Unique Souvenir

Persian marquetry is a blend of workmanship, artistic expression, and cultural legacy. Iranian artists now preserve the ancient methods while adding modern interpretations. Persian Marquetry is today one of the significances of Iran’s culture.

Marquetry Design

Marquetry Designs vary from one country to another. You can see different Marquetry Designs and Marquetry Patterns in the cultural essence of any nation. Persian marquetry patterns include elaborate figurative, calligraphic, Persian floral, geometric, paisley, and symmetrical designs.

These motifs, which draw inspiration from Persian art and architecture, reflect Iran’s rich artistic history. Roses, tulips, and lotuses are shown in delicate floral patterns, while other Persian elements provide interlacing geometric compositions.

Interlocking elements, polygons, and stars are common features in geometric designs. Paisley’s designs add sophistication and cultural significance.

Calligraphy is expertly incorporated with beautiful Persian writings. Figurative patterns provide storytelling aspects by representing people, animals, and legendary creatures. Fretwork patterns use complex woven patterns that resemble lace or ribbons.

Harmony and balance are reflected in symmetrical patterns. Persian marquetry designs combine painstaking craftsmanship, symbolic cultural meaning, and creative vision to create visually arresting and culturally significant artwork that showcases Iran’s artistic heritage.

Marquetry Tools

Marquetry Tools are necessary for executing the technique. Key instruments include coping saws for complex curved cuts, fret saws or scroll saws for cutting veneers, chisels for shaping edges, and craft knives or scalpels for delicate detail work. Sandpaper aids in achieving a polished finish, and veneers are pressed and smoothed with veneer hammers and burnishing tools.

Marquetry Art
Marquetry Handcrafts

For a secure attachment, materials such as veneer glue and clamps are needed. Veneer saws for accurate cutting, veneer softeners for pliability, and veneer tape for temporary holding are further equipment.

These instruments help artists to produce complex marquetry designs with skill and attention to detail. Accurate and exquisite marquetry work requires the correct tools, whether for shaping, cutting, assembling, or finishing.

Marquetry Wood

Diverse Marquetry Woods is used for this beautiful art medium. The range of wood species that are frequently used in the marquetry art form is referred to as marquetry wood. The wood choice should be carefully considered to achieve desired aesthetics and create visually pleasing designs.

Because of its lovely grain patterns and warm brown tone, walnut is a popular option. Maple can be used as a backdrop or to create contrast because of its light tone and delicate texture.

Rosewood’s unique texture and rich reddish-brown color lend an opulent touch. Ebony creates dramatic contrast or emphasis because of its smooth texture and deep black color.

Satinwood is used frequently for highlights and delicate details because of its bright appearance. Mahogany provides warm characteristics with its straight grain and deep reddish-brown tone.

Both boxwood and ash add texture; boxwood is good for finer work, and ash adds visual appeal.

Artists can combine these different wood species to create marquetry creations that are aesthetically appealing and fascinating.

Marquetry Table

A marquetry table is a useful piece of furniture with a beautiful design on the top. Marquetry tables are available in a variety of forms and can be used as side tables, coffee tables, or dining tables. They become the center of attention in any room because of their elegance and creative flare.

marquetry woodworking
The Art of Marquetry

A Persian marquetry table blends elements of Persian design with the age-old craft of marquetry. It includes elaborate designs and themes, including floral patterns, geometric shapes, and depictions of Persian architecture, that are influenced by Persian art and culture.

Persian marquetry tables give style and cultural value to any area while serving as utilitarian and beautiful pieces.

Marquetry Handcrafts

The marquetry requires care, accuracy, and a constant focus on detail. Handcrafted marquetry pieces proudly display the natural beauty of wood veneers, the skillful inlay techniques used, and the ability to create visually striking compositions.

They are treasured as priceless pieces of art that perfectly capture the ability and creative genius of talented craftspeople. Whether incorporated into useful pieces or left on their own, marquetry handcrafts elegantly provide refinement and stunning beauty to rooms. Some of the most unique Marquety are found as Isfahan’s handicrafts.

Final Words

In a nutshell, Persian marquetry is a remarkable representation of the Iranian people’s extraordinary artistry and cultural expression, and it bears witness to the country’s rich artistic legacy.

Persian marquetry has a centuries-long history and has developed into a unique art style with geometric designs, floral themes, and sceneries based on Persian literature and mythology.

The captivating pieces that radiate beauty and sophistication are the product of the careful attention to detail and the deft application of wood veneers. Persian marquetry is a visual depiction of the artistic heritage of the nation.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.

Persian herbs

Top Persian Herbs of Iran!

Iranians love fresh herbs and eat them with every meal, whether formal, fancy, and sometimes even with fast food. The Persian word for these fresh herbs is sabzi (vegetables).

Sabzi comes from the Persian word sabz, which means green. In this way, it is similar to the English term “greens,” which is used for leafy vegetables in salads. Green also has cultural significance that is closely related to the Muslim religion and the Persian New Year, which begins on the first day of spring.

The herbs eaten with meals are always fresh, but dried ones may be used in cooking when fresh ones are not available. Several classic Persian dishes are almost entirely composed of herbs. As always, join us to learn more about Persian Herbs, Sabzi Khordan, and its culture.

Historical Roots

Persian culinary traditions date back thousands of years, with roots deeply intertwined with the history of the Persian Empire. The use of herbs in Persian cooking can be traced to ancient times when the region’s inhabitants discovered the rich flavors and medicinal properties of various plants.

Over centuries, Persian chefs refined the art of blending herbs to create dishes that are not only delicious but also deeply symbolic of the region’s cultural identity.

Cultural Significance

Persian herbs are more than ingredients; they hold cultural and symbolic importance in Persian society. The concept of “Sabzi Khordan,” or eating fresh herbs, is deeply ingrained in Persian dining customs.

Iranian herbs and spices
Iranian Herbs and Spices

A plate of fresh herbs, radishes, and feta cheese is commonly served alongside meals, allowing people to customize their bites and fostering a communal and interactive dining experience.

Persian Herbs List

Persian cuisine has a rich range of herbs that contribute to the distinctive and flavorful nature of its dishes. Here is a list of some key Persian herbs commonly used in Persian cooking:

Sweet Basil

Sweet Basil, an aromatic and delicate herb favored by Mediterranean cooks, graces recipes with fresh leaves during the sunny summer months. During the rest of the year, dried basil can step in to maintain its delightful essence.

This annual plant can be grown indoors from seed in late spring, later finding its sunny home outdoors once the threat of frost has passed, provided it is kept away from temperatures below 40°F.

Basil’s sensitivity to cold is evident because if it is exposed to cold weather, it will wither and turn black overnight. Beyond culinary uses, basil seeds, when soaked in hot water, take on a gelatinous texture and are believed to have medicinal properties, especially in easing persistent coughs due to colds.

Fresh basil leaves take center stage in the classic basil pesto sauce and Borani Reyhan. While freezing may not preserve basil’s charm, the good news is that it dries exceptionally well, retaining its delightful flavor for use in various sauces and soups.

Cinnamon Basil

Cinnamon Basil, a close relative to the ‘Reyhan’ cultivated in Iran, has narrow leaves that are smaller than those of sweet basil, displaying a distinctive, almost sage-green color.

Persian Herbs List
Sweet Basil Persian Herb

The stems take on a purple shade, and its unique flowering pattern begins with clusters of very dark purple leaves at the tip, eventually blossoming into light pink or white flowers.

Not only does this basil variety bring a touch of ornamental beauty to the garden, but it also proves to be a strong container herb. With increased heat and sun tolerance compared to sweet basil, it thrives in warmer conditions and is less prone to pests, making it a hardy and reliable addition to any herb garden.

Parsley

Parsley, a versatile herb in Persian cuisine, comes in two common varieties: broad leaf and curly leaf. The broad leaf variety takes center stage in the popular “Sabzi Khordan,” a plate of fresh herbs served with meals, adding a lively feel to the dining experience. Both curly and flat leaf types find their way into different Persian dishes, each giving its unique flavor to the culinary creations.

The curly leaf parsley, with its decorative appeal, often flavors dishes like fish or the classic Persian salad, “Olivieh,” adding not only flavor but also a beautiful flourish to the table. In Persian kitchens, parsley goes beyond its mere culinary function, becoming an essential element that enhances both the taste and presentation of the dish.

Dill

Dill, which is known as “Shevid” in Persian, is a multi-purpose herb widely welcomed in Persian cuisine, enjoyed both fresh and in various cooked dishes. While dried dill is an option, the preference among most Persians leans toward the fresh and tender green parts of the plant.

Persian Herbs and Spices
Dill, Persian Herb

Some Persian markets even offer frozen herbs, providing a convenient option for cooking. In Persian culinary creations, dill takes center stage in numerous delectable dishes, such as “Shevid Polo” and “Bahgali Polo,” where an ample three cups of fresh dill are combined with 1 ½ pounds of rice, giving it a distinctive and flavorful touch to these traditional Persian recipes. Interestingly, while dill seeds find use in various cuisines, they are notably absent from Persian cooking.

Persian Medicinal Herbs

Persian medicinal herbs have long played a vital role in traditional healing practices, which shows the rich heritage of herbal medicines. Passed down from generation to generation, these herbs are valued not only for their culinary aids but also for their potential health benefits.

Mint, with its soothing properties, is often used to aid digestion, while parsley is esteemed for its diuretic effects.

Tarragon and dill, which are known for their unique flavors, also have medicinal importance in Persian culture.

The infusion of herbs into daily life is not just a culinary tradition; it is a holistic approach to well-being. Whether these Iranian herbs are included in herbal teas or meals, they are still a source of natural healing and cultural wisdom.

Persian Herbs and Spices

Persian herbs and spices are aromatic treasures that weave a tapestry of flavor in Iranian cuisine. From the aromatic allure of saffron, an integral part of Persian dishes, to the earthy warmth of cinnamon and cumin, these ingredients are the main essence of Persian culinary artistry.

Herbs like mint, parsley, and dill add a refreshing vibrancy, enhancing both the aroma and taste of various dishes. The distinctive combination of spices, such as turmeric and cardamom, gives a unique character to Persian stews, rice dishes, and kebabs.

Persian herb
Persian Herbs of Iran

Rooted in ancient traditions, Persian herbs, and spices not only tempt the taste buds but also reflect the geographical and cultural diversity of the region and turn Iranian cuisine into a delightful journey of flavors.

Persian Dry Herbs

In Persian cuisine, the use of both fresh and dry herbs creates a harmonious symphony of flavors. While Persian fresh herbs like mint, parsley, and dill add a lively and crisp essence to dishes, the dry herbs play a complementary role in infusing depth and richness.

Dried versions of these herbs, although less common than their fresh counterparts, offer a good option for seasoning and preserving the distinct Persian flavors year-round. Whether it is the aromatic notes of dried mint in a comforting tea or the earthy warmth of dried parsley enhancing a savory stew, Persian dry herbs are a versatile component, ensuring that the essence of these herbs continues to add beauty to the vibrant palette of Iranian cuisine.

Final Word

In the end, Iranian herbs are not just the ingredients of a culinary set. They are one of the main elements of a rich and ancient food tradition with many properties. The careful selection and harmonious combination of herbs in Iranian cuisine reflects the cultural, historical, and geographical richness that defines the Iranian culinary experience.

As we continue to explore the diverse world of global cuisine, Iranian herbs stand out as a natural green addition to the lasting legacy of a culinary tradition that has stood the test of time.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran resort? Consider Matinabad Eco-resort.